Pranadwista Zulfa Fidi, Hasanah Novia Tri, Nur'aeny Nanan
Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
Int Med Case Rep J. 2024 Aug 26;17:757-763. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S479028. eCollection 2024.
Oral cavity is the gateway to the digestive system and a window to general human health. Anemia is one of the health problems in the world characterized by various clinical conditions, including in the oral cavity.
This case report aims to present the results of a clinical investigation of a patient who had oral hematoma and anemia with indigestion symptoms.
A 59-year-old male complained of a lump on his tongue two months prior, which was painless and frequently bleeding. The complaint was followed by abdominal discomfort, difficulty defecating, weight loss, and decreased appetite. The patient only ate porridge and lacked water intake. Intraoral examination showed a blackish-red, irregularly shaped, painless hematoma on the dorsum of the tongue and a negative diascopy test. Hematology examination showed anemia with hemoglobin 6.7g/dL, hematocrit 21.4%, erythrocytes 3.08 x 106/µL, MCV 69.5fL, MCH 21.8pg, and MCHC 31.3g/dL. The diagnosis of the tongue lesion was an oral hematoma.
Pharmacologic therapy included antifibrinolytic agents and hematinic supplementation. Non-pharmacologic therapy included dental health education, a balanced lifestyle, and avoiding triggers for tongue bleeding. Management in other fields was also carried out in parallel, including oral surgery and internal medicine. The general condition of the patient general condition improved through multidisciplinary monitoring.
Clinical investigations that include signs and symptoms of disease in a patient with bleeding disorders such as hematoma and anemia need to be carried out in detailed aid examinations, especially if other symptoms are found, such as digestive disorders.
口腔是消化系统的入口，也是反映人体整体健康状况的窗口。贫血是全球范围内的健康问题之一，其具有多种临床症状，包括口腔方面的症状。
本病例报告旨在呈现对一名患有口腔血肿及贫血并伴有消化不良症状患者的临床调查结果。
一名59岁男性患者在两个月前主诉舌部有肿物，该肿物无痛且经常出血。随后出现腹部不适、排便困难、体重减轻及食欲减退。患者仅进食粥类且水分摄入不足。口腔检查显示舌背有一个黑红色、形状不规则、无痛的血肿，玻片压诊试验为阴性。血液学检查显示贫血，血红蛋白6.7g/dL，血细胞比容21.4%，红细胞3.08×10⁶/µL，平均红细胞体积69.5fL，平均红细胞血红蛋白含量21.8pg，平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度31.3g/dL。舌部病变诊断为口腔血肿。
药物治疗包括抗纤溶药物及补血剂补充。非药物治疗包括口腔健康教育、均衡的生活方式以及避免引发舌部出血的因素。同时还并行开展了其他领域的治疗，包括口腔外科和内科治疗。通过多学科监测，患者的总体状况得到改善。
对于患有诸如血肿和贫血等出血性疾病的患者，临床调查需结合详细的辅助检查，尤其当发现其他症状（如消化系统紊乱）时。
