Park Se-Young, Hwang Byeong-Oh, Lim Mihwa, Ok Seung-Ho, Lee Sun-Kyoung, Chun Kyung-Soo, Park Kwang-Kyun, Hu Yinling, Chung Won-Yoon, Song Na-Young
Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Apr 28;13(9):2124. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092124.
It is well-known that microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with numerous diseases in the human body. The oral cavity and gut are the two largest microbial habitats, playing a major role in microbiome-associated diseases. Even though the oral cavity and gut are continuous regions connected through the gastrointestinal tract, the oral and gut microbiome profiles are well-segregated due to the oral-gut barrier. However, the oral microbiota can translocate to the intestinal mucosa in conditions of the oral-gut barrier dysfunction. Inversely, the gut-to-oral microbial transmission occurs as well in inter- and intrapersonal manners. Recently, it has been reported that oral and gut microbiomes interdependently regulate physiological functions and pathological processes. Oral-to-gut and gut-to-oral microbial transmissions can shape and/or reshape the microbial ecosystem in both habitats, eventually modulating pathogenesis of disease. However, the oral-gut microbial interaction in pathogenesis has been underappreciated to date. Here, we will highlight the oral-gut microbiome crosstalk and its implications in the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal disease and cancer. Better understanding the role of the oral-gut microbiome axis in pathogenesis will be advantageous for precise diagnosis/prognosis and effective treatment.
众所周知，微生物群失调与人体的多种疾病密切相关。口腔和肠道是两个最大的微生物栖息地，在与微生物群相关的疾病中起主要作用。尽管口腔和肠道是通过胃肠道相连的连续区域，但由于口肠屏障，口腔和肠道微生物群特征是明显分开的。然而，在口肠屏障功能障碍的情况下，口腔微生物群可转移至肠黏膜。相反，肠到口的微生物传播也以人际和个人内方式发生。最近，有报道称口腔和肠道微生物群相互依赖地调节生理功能和病理过程。口到肠和肠到口的微生物传播可塑造和/或重塑两个栖息地的微生物生态系统，最终调节疾病的发病机制。然而，迄今为止，口肠微生物在发病机制中的相互作用尚未得到充分认识。在此，我们将强调口肠微生物群的串扰及其在胃肠道疾病和癌症发病机制中的意义。更好地了解口肠微生物群轴在发病机制中的作用将有利于精确诊断/预后和有效治疗。
