Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, 91090, México.
División de Estudios de Posgrado E Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba, C.P. 94320, Orizaba, Mexico.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Sep;31(43):55169-55186. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34853-y. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
In recent years, pelagic Sargassum has invaded the Caribbean coasts, and anaerobic digestion has been proposed as a sustainable management option. However, the complex composition of these macroalgae acts as a barrier to microbial degradation, thereby limiting methane production. Microbial adaptation is a promising strategy to improve substrate utilization and stress tolerance. This study aimed to investigate the adaptation of a microbial consortium to enhance methane production from the pelagic Sargassum. Microbial adaptation was performed in a fed-batch mode for 100 days by progressive feeding of Sargassum. The evolution of the microbial community was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. Additionally, 16S rRNA data were used to predict functional profiles using the iVikodak platform. The results showed that, after adaptation, the consortium was dominated by the bacterial phyla Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Atribacterota, as well as methanogens of the families Methanotrichaceae and Methanoregulaceae. The abundance of predicted genes related to different metabolic functions was affected during the adaptation stage when Sargassum concentration was increased. At the end of the adaptation stage, the abundance of the predicted genes increased again. The adapted microbial consortium demonstrated a 60% increase in both biomethane potential and biodegradability index. This work offers valuable insights into the development of treatment technologies and the effective management of pelagic Sargassum in coastal regions, emphasizing the importance of microbial adaptation in this context.
近年来，远洋马尾藻已入侵加勒比海岸，厌氧消化被提议作为一种可持续的管理选择。然而，这些大型藻类的复杂组成成为微生物降解的障碍，从而限制了甲烷的产生。微生物适应是提高底物利用和应激耐受的有前途的策略。本研究旨在研究微生物群落的适应能力，以提高从远洋马尾藻中生产甲烷的能力。通过渐进式投喂马尾藻，在分批进料模式下进行微生物适应 100 天。通过高通量 16S rRNA 扩增子测序分析微生物群落的演变。此外，使用 iVikodak 平台根据 16S rRNA 数据预测功能谱。结果表明，适应后，该群落主要由细菌门拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和 Atribacterota 以及甲烷营养菌的甲烷杆菌科和甲烷调节科组成。在适应阶段，当马尾藻浓度增加时，不同代谢功能相关的预测基因的丰度受到影响。在适应阶段结束时，预测基因的丰度再次增加。适应的微生物群落的生物甲烷潜力和生物降解性指数均提高了 60%。这项工作为开发处理技术和有效管理沿海地区的远洋马尾藻提供了有价值的见解，强调了微生物适应在这方面的重要性。
