Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Programa de Biodiversidade, Ambiente e Saúde (PPGBAS), Laboratório de Entomologia Médica (LABEM), Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Programa de Pós-graduação da rede BIONORTE, LABEM, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil.
J Med Entomol. 2024 Nov 14;61(6):1501-1509. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjae108.
This study was conducted in the Gurupi Biological Reserve (REBIO-Gurupi), the largest area of Amazon rainforest in Maranhão State, Brazil. The objectives were to survey the sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna of REBIO-Gurupi, identify blood meal sources, and investigate the presence of Leishmania (Ross, 1903) (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) DNA. Individuals were collected using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps and black and white Shannon traps in May and Jun 2022 and Jan 2023. DNA was extracted from female sand flies and subjected to amplification and sequencing of cytochrome b molecular marker (CYTB) for identification of blood meal sources and the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) of ribosomal DNA for Leishmania detection. A total of 514 sand flies individuals were sampled, of which 93 were identified at the genus or series level (9 taxa) and 421 were identified at the species level (24 taxa). Psychodopygus davisi (Root, 1934) (41.1%), Nyssomyia antunesi (Coutinho, 1939) (10.3%), and Psychodopygus (Mangabeira, 1941) Chagasi Series Barretto, 1962 (9.7%) were the most frequently collected. Human (Homo sapiens, Primates, Hominidae) and tapir (Tapirus terrestris, Perissodactyla, Tapiridae) DNA was detected in 10 female sand flies. Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum Cunha and Chagas, 1937 DNA was detected in 2 specimens of Ps. davisi. Given the presence of vectors of Leishmania in REBIO-Gurupi, it is imperative to conduct more comprehensive studies on the interactions among sand flies, Leishmania, and pathogen reservoirs in the area.
这项研究在巴西马拉尼昂州最大的亚马逊雨林保护区——古里皮生物保护区（REBIO-Gurupi）进行。目的是调查古里皮生物保护区的沙蝇（双翅目：丽蝇科）动物群，确定血液来源，并调查利什曼原虫（Ross，1903）（原生动物门：动基体目）DNA 的存在。2022 年 5 月和 6 月以及 2023 年 1 月，使用疾病控制中心（CDC）的诱捕器和黑白 Shannon 诱捕器收集个体。从雌性沙蝇中提取 DNA，并对细胞色素 b 分子标记（CYTB）进行扩增和测序，以确定血液来源，对核糖体 DNA 的第一内部转录间隔区（ITS-1）进行扩增和测序，以检测利什曼原虫。共采集 514 只沙蝇个体，其中 93 只在属或系列水平（9 个分类群）和 421 只在种水平（24 个分类群）得到鉴定。采集到的沙蝇以罗氏沙蝇（Psychodopygus davisi）（41.1%）、库氏沙蝇（Nyssomyia antunesi）（10.3%）和巴氏沙蝇（Psychodopygus）（Mangabeira，1941）Chagasi 系列（9.7%）最为常见。在 10 只雌性沙蝇中检测到人类（智人，灵长目，人科）和貘（Tapirus terrestris，奇蹄目，貘科）的 DNA。在 2 只罗氏沙蝇中检测到利什曼原虫（Leishmania）婴儿库尼亚和恰加斯，1937 年的 DNA。鉴于古里皮生物保护区存在利什曼原虫的传播媒介，必须对该地区沙蝇、利什曼原虫和病原体宿主之间的相互作用进行更全面的研究。
