Bertschy Montgomery, Rodrigo-Carranza Victor, Wilkie Ethan W C, Healey Laura A, Noble Jeremy, Albert Wayne J, Hoogkamer Wouter
Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Sports Performance Research Group (GIRD), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45071, Spain.
J Sport Health Sci. 2024 Sep 1;14:100975. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100975.
Quantifying the potential benefits of advanced footwear technology (AFT) track shoes (i.e., "spikes") in middle-distance events is challenging, because repeated maximal effort trials (as in sprinting) or aerobic running economy trials (as in long-distance running) are not feasible.
We introduce a novel approach to assess the benefits of AFT spikes, consisting of a series of 200-m runs at self-perceived middle-distance race pace with 10 min recovery, and conduct 4 experiments to evaluate its validity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and utility.
In Experiment 1, participants ran 1.2% slower in spikes with 200 g added mass vs. control spikes, which is exactly equal to the known effects of shoe mass on running performance. In Experiment 2, participants ran significantly faster in AFT prototype spikes vs. traditional spikes. In Experiment 3, we compared 2 other AFT prototype spikes against traditional spikes on 3 separate days. Group-level results were consistent across days, but our data indicates that at least 2 separate sessions are needed to evaluate individual responses. In Experiment 4, participants ran significantly faster in 2 AFT spike models vs. traditional spikes (2.1% and 1.6%). Speed was similar between a third AFT spike model and the traditional spikes. These speed results were mirrored by changes in step length as participants took significantly longer steps in the 2 faster AFT spike models (2.3% and 1.9%), while step length was similar between the other spikes.
Our novel, interval-based approach is a valid and reliable method for quantifying differences between spikes at middle-distance running intensity.
量化先进的鞋类技术(AFT)跑鞋(即“钉鞋”)在中距离项目中的潜在益处具有挑战性,因为重复的最大努力试验(如短跑)或有氧跑步经济性试验(如长跑)不可行。
我们引入了一种新颖的方法来评估AFT钉鞋的益处,该方法包括以自我感知的中距离比赛配速进行一系列200米跑,并休息10分钟,然后进行4项实验以评估其有效性、敏感性、可重复性和实用性。
在实验1中,与对照钉鞋相比,增加200克重量的钉鞋使参与者的跑步速度慢了1.2%,这与鞋的重量对跑步表现的已知影响完全一致。在实验2中,与传统钉鞋相比,参与者穿着AFT原型钉鞋跑得明显更快。在实验3中,我们在3个不同的日子里将另外2种AFT原型钉鞋与传统钉鞋进行了比较。组级结果在不同日子里是一致的,但我们的数据表明,至少需要2次单独的测试来评估个体反应。在实验4中,与传统钉鞋相比,参与者穿着2种AFT钉鞋模型跑得明显更快(分别快2.1%和1.6%)。第三种AFT钉鞋模型和传统钉鞋的速度相似。这些速度结果反映在步长变化上,因为参与者在2种速度更快的AFT钉鞋模型中步长明显更长(分别长2.3%和1.9%),而其他钉鞋的步长相似。
我们基于间歇的新颖方法是一种有效且可靠的方法,可用于量化中距离跑步强度下钉鞋之间的差异。