Department of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):173. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01697-z.
The role of dietary fat quality in promotion of cardiovascular diseases is studies before. However, the results are inconsistent. Recently, cholesterol to saturated fatty acid index (CSI) is suggested as a novel indicator of the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity potential of a diet. However, due to limited number of studies, in the current cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the role of CSI in metabolic and inflammatory response among obese individuals.
In the current cross-sectional study 488 obese individuals aged 18-50 years old were involved in volunteer based invitation from outpatient obesity clinics. Subjects underwent anthropometric assays including weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and body composition and their fasting blood sample were obtained for biochemical assessments including blood sugar, serum lipids, hs-CRP and IL-6 concentrations by commercial kits. Physical activity was also assessed by short form of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ).
According to our results, being at the top tetile of CSI was associated with higher anthropometric indices including weight, height, WC, FFM, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared with those at the lowest tertile (P < 0.05). Similarly, those at the highest category of CSI had significantly higher levels of serum glucose and hs-CRP both in crude and adjusted models in ANCOVA and in multinomial logistic regression models (P < 0.05).
In the current study, for the first time, we identified the possible triggering role of dietary cholesterol to saturated fat index in increasing serum glucose and hs-CRP levels. due to cross-sectional design of the current study, causal inference is impossible. Further studies will help for better scientific justification.
膳食脂肪质量在促进心血管疾病方面的作用之前已有研究。然而，结果并不一致。最近，胆固醇与饱和脂肪酸指数（CSI）被认为是一种新的饮食致动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成潜力的指标。然而，由于研究数量有限，在目前的横断面研究中，我们旨在评估 CSI 在肥胖个体代谢和炎症反应中的作用。
在目前的横断面研究中，我们邀请了 488 名年龄在 18-50 岁的肥胖个体参与志愿者基础的门诊肥胖诊所。受试者进行了人体测量学检测，包括体重、身高、腰围（WC）和身体成分，并采集了空腹血样，通过商业试剂盒检测血糖、血清脂质、hs-CRP 和 IL-6 浓度。身体活动也通过国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）的简短形式进行评估。
根据我们的结果，与最低三分位组相比，CSI 处于最高四分位组的个体具有更高的人体测量指标，包括体重、身高、WC、FFM 和基础代谢率（BMR）（P<0.05）。同样，在未经调整和调整后的协方差分析（ANCOVA）和多项逻辑回归模型中，CSI 最高组的个体血清葡萄糖和 hs-CRP 水平显著更高（P<0.05）。
在目前的研究中，我们首次发现膳食胆固醇与饱和脂肪指数可能在升高血清葡萄糖和 hs-CRP 水平方面发挥触发作用。由于目前研究的横断面设计，不可能进行因果推断。进一步的研究将有助于更好的科学论证。
