Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2393272. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2393272. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
The intestine is the largest organ in terms of surface area in the human body. It is responsible not only for absorbing nutrients but also for protection against the external world. The gut microbiota is essential in maintaining a properly functioning intestinal barrier, primarily through producing its metabolites: short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. Ethanol overconsumption poses a significant threat to intestinal health. Not only does it damage the intestinal epithelium, but, maybe foremostly, it changes the gut microbiome. Those ethanol-driven changes shift its metabolome, depriving the host of the protective effect the physiological gut microbiota has. This literature review discusses the impact of ethanol consumption on the gut, the gut microbiota, and its metabolome, providing a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms through which ethanol disrupts intestinal homeostasis and discussing potential avenues for new therapeutic intervention.
肠道是人体表面积最大的器官。它不仅负责吸收营养，还负责抵御外界侵害。肠道微生物群对于维持正常的肠道屏障至关重要，主要通过产生其代谢物：短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸和色氨酸衍生物来实现。过度饮酒会对肠道健康造成严重威胁。它不仅会损害肠道上皮，而且可能主要是改变肠道微生物群。这些由乙醇驱动的变化改变了其代谢组，使宿主失去了生理肠道微生物群的保护作用。本文献综述讨论了乙醇摄入对肠道、肠道微生物群及其代谢组的影响，全面概述了乙醇破坏肠道内稳态的机制，并讨论了新的治疗干预的潜在途径。
