Packard-Winkler Mary, Golding Lenette, Tewodros Tsedenia, Faerber Emily, Webb Girard Amy
Independent Consultant, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
Save the Children U.S., Department of Global Health, Washington, DC, United States.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Jul 14;8(8):104414. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104414. eCollection 2024 Aug.
There is currently no cogent set of standards to guide the design, implementation and evaluation of nutrition social and behavior change (SBC), including for nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA).
We aimed to capture, consolidate, and describe SBC core principles and practices (CPPs), reflecting professional consensus, and to offer programmatic examples that illustrate their application for NSA projects in low- and middle-income countries.
We conducted a narrative review following a 4-step iterative process to identify and describe SBC CPPs. We first reviewed general SBC frameworks and technical documents and developed a preliminary list of CPPs and their definitions. Following review and feedback from 8 content experts, we revised the CPPs, incorporating the panel's feedback, and conducted a more specific search of the peer-reviewed and gray literature. We presented a revised draft of the CPPs to 26 NSA researchers, practitioners, and implementers at the 2022 Agriculture, Nutrition and Health Academy annual conference. We then conducted a focused review of each CPP, and 3 content experts rereviewed the final draft.
We reviewed ∼475 documents and resources resulting in a set of 4 core principles: ) following a systematic, strategic method in designing, implementing, and evaluating SBC activities; ) ensuring design and implementation are evidence-based; ) grounding design and implementation in theory; and ) authentically engaging communities. Additionally, we identified 11 core practices and mapped these to the different stages in the SBC design, implementation, and evaluation cycle. Detailed descriptions, illustrative examples and resources for implementation are provided for each CPP.
An explicit set of CPPs for SBC can serve as a guide for design, research, implementation, and evaluation of nutrition and NSA programs; help standardize knowledge sharing and production; and contribute to improved quality of implementation. Broader consultation with SBC practitioners and researchers will further consensus on this work.
目前尚无一套有说服力的标准来指导营养社会和行为改变（SBC）的设计、实施和评估，包括对营养敏感型农业（NSA）的指导。
我们旨在收集、整合和描述反映专业共识的SBC核心原则和实践（CPPs），并提供方案示例，说明其在低收入和中等收入国家的NSA项目中的应用。
我们按照一个4步迭代过程进行叙述性综述，以识别和描述SBC CPPs。我们首先回顾了一般的SBC框架和技术文件，并制定了一份CPPs及其定义的初步清单。在收到8位内容专家的审查和反馈后，我们修订了CPPs，纳入了专家小组的反馈，并对同行评审文献和灰色文献进行了更具体的检索。我们在2022年农业、营养与健康学会年会上向26位NSA研究人员、从业者和实施者展示了CPPs的修订草案。然后我们对每个CPP进行了重点审查，3位内容专家重新审查了最终草案。
我们审查了约475份文件和资源，得出了一套4项核心原则：1）在设计、实施和评估SBC活动时遵循系统、战略方法；2）确保设计和实施基于证据；3）将设计和实施建立在理论基础上；4）切实让社区参与。此外，我们确定了11项核心实践，并将其映射到SBC设计、实施和评估周期的不同阶段。为每个CPP提供了详细描述、示例说明和实施资源。
一套明确的SBC CPPs可作为营养和NSA项目设计、研究、实施和评估的指南；有助于规范知识共享和知识产出；并有助于提高实施质量。与SBC从业者和研究人员进行更广泛的协商将进一步就这项工作达成共识。
