Brown University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
Environ Int. 2024 Sep;191:108994. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108994. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
Few studies have considered household interventions for reducing endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposures. We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, originally designed to reduce lead exposure, to evaluate if the intervention lowered EDC exposures in young children. Study participants were children from the Cincinnati, Ohio area (n = 250, HOME Study). Prenatally, families received a housing intervention that included paint stabilization and dust mitigation, or as a control, injury prevention measures. At 24-months, we measured organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalates or their metabolites in dust and urine. We measured perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in dust and serum at 24- and 36-months, respectively. We assessed associations between dust and biomarker EDCs using Spearman correlations, characterized EDC mixtures via principal components analysis, and investigated treatment effects using linear regression. To mitigate selection bias, we fit statistical models using inverse probability of retention weights. Correlations between dust EDCs and analogous biomarkers were weak-to-moderate (ρ's ≤ 0.3). The intervention was associated with 23 % (95 % CI: -38, -3) lower urinary DEHP metabolites and, in a per-protocol analysis, 34 % lower (95 % CI: -55, -2) urinary MBZP. Additionally, among Black or African American children, the intervention was associated with lower serum concentrations of several PFAS (e.g., -42 %; 95 % CI: -63, -8 for PFNA). Household interventions that include paint stabilization and dust mitigation may reduce childhood exposures to some phthalates and PFAS in Blacks/African Americans. These findings highlight the need for larger studies with tailored and sustained housing interventions.
很少有研究考虑过减少内分泌干扰化学物质(EDC)暴露的家庭干预措施。我们对一项原本旨在降低铅暴露的随机对照试验进行了二次分析,以评估该干预措施是否降低了幼儿的 EDC 暴露。研究参与者为来自俄亥俄州辛辛那提地区的儿童(n=250,HOME 研究)。在孕期,家庭接受了住房干预措施,包括油漆稳定和粉尘缓解,或作为对照,接受了预防伤害措施。在 24 个月时,我们测量了灰尘和尿液中的有机磷酸酯(OPEs)和邻苯二甲酸酯或其代谢物。在 24 个月和 36 个月时,我们分别测量了灰尘和血清中的全氟烷基物质(PFAS)。我们使用 Spearman 相关性评估了灰尘和生物标志物 EDC 之间的关联,通过主成分分析描述 EDC 混合物,并使用线性回归研究治疗效果。为了减轻选择偏差,我们使用逆概率保留权重拟合统计模型。灰尘 EDCs 与类似生物标志物之间的相关性较弱至中度(ρ's≤0.3)。干预与尿中 DEHP 代谢物降低 23%(95%CI:-38,-3)有关,在按方案分析中,尿中 MBZP 降低 34%(95%CI:-55,-2)。此外,在黑人和非洲裔美国儿童中,干预与几种 PFAS 的血清浓度降低有关(例如,PFNA 降低 -42%;95%CI:-63,-8)。包括油漆稳定和粉尘缓解在内的家庭干预措施可能会降低黑人和非洲裔美国人儿童对某些邻苯二甲酸酯和 PFAS 的暴露。这些发现强调了需要更大规模的研究,采用有针对性和持续的住房干预措施。