Exploring the comparative regressive effects of aflibercept and faricimab on pigment epithelial detachment.

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to compare the regressive effects of aflibercept and faricimab on pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

METHODS

In total, 41 eyes of 40 patients diagnosed with type 1 macular neovascularization were retrospectively analyzed using multimodal imaging. Of these, 23 eyes were treated with intravitreal aflibercept injections (IVA group), and 18 eyes were treated with intravitreal faricimab (IVFa group), with 3 consecutive injections administered as loading dose therapy. Before treatment and at 1, 2, and 3 months after the first treatment, the maximum height (MH) and maximum diameter (MD) of the PED were measured using optical coherence tomography in each treatment group.

RESULTS

In the IVA group, the MH at baseline (215 ± 177 μm) was reduced to 141 ± 150 (P = 0.06), 119 ± 150 (P < 0.01), and 107 ± 150 µm (P < 0.0001) at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment, respectively. Similarly, in the IVFa group, the MH decreased from 240 ± 195 µm before treatment to 165 ± 170 µm (P = 0.24), 139 ± 142 µm (P < 0.05), and 117 ± 112 µm (P < 0.01) at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment, respectively. The reduction at 2 and 3 months was significant in both treatments. The mean changes of MH from baseline were -108 ± 142 µm in the IVA group and -124 ± 112 µm in the IVFa group, with no significant difference (P = 0.21). In both groups, the MD did not regress significantly.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggested that the MH of the PED between the IVA and IVFa groups regressed similarly after each loading therapy.