Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
Neuroradiology. 2024 Nov;66(11):2071-2082. doi: 10.1007/s00234-024-03453-5. Epub 2024 Sep 4.
This review highlights the importance of functional connectivity in pediatric neuroscience, focusing on its role in understanding neurodevelopment and potential applications in clinical practice. It discusses various techniques for analyzing brain connectivity and their implications for clinical interventions in neurodevelopmental disorders.
The principles and applications of independent component analysis and seed-based connectivity analysis in pediatric brain studies are outlined. Additionally, the use of graph analysis to enhance understanding of network organization and topology is reviewed, providing a comprehensive overview of connectivity methods across developmental stages, from fetuses to adolescents.
Findings from the reviewed studies reveal that functional connectivity research has uncovered significant insights into the early formation of brain circuits in fetuses and neonates, particularly the prenatal origins of cognitive and sensory systems. Longitudinal research across childhood and adolescence demonstrates dynamic changes in brain connectivity, identifying critical periods of development and maturation that are essential for understanding neurodevelopmental trajectories and disorders.
Functional connectivity methods are crucial for advancing pediatric neuroscience. Techniques such as independent component analysis, seed-based connectivity analysis, and graph analysis offer valuable perspectives on brain development, creating new opportunities for early diagnosis and targeted interventions in neurodevelopmental disorders, thereby paving the way for personalized therapeutic strategies.
本综述强调了功能连接在儿科神经科学中的重要性，重点讨论了其在理解神经发育中的作用以及在临床实践中的潜在应用。本文讨论了分析大脑连接的各种技术及其在神经发育障碍的临床干预中的意义。
概述了独立成分分析和基于种子的连通性分析在儿科脑研究中的原理和应用。此外，还回顾了图分析在增强对网络组织和拓扑结构理解方面的应用，全面概述了连通性方法在从胎儿到青少年各个发育阶段的应用。
综述研究的结果表明，功能连接研究揭示了胎儿和新生儿大脑回路早期形成的重要见解，特别是认知和感觉系统的产前起源。儿童期和青春期的纵向研究表明，大脑连通性发生动态变化，确定了发育和成熟的关键时期，这对于理解神经发育轨迹和障碍至关重要。
功能连接方法对于推进儿科神经科学至关重要。独立成分分析、基于种子的连通性分析和图分析等技术为大脑发育提供了有价值的视角，为神经发育障碍的早期诊断和靶向干预创造了新的机会，从而为个性化治疗策略铺平了道路。
