Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Sep 18;72(37):20690-20703. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05919. Epub 2024 Sep 4.
Sorghum, a globally grown gluten-free cereal, is used mainly as an animal feed in developed countries regardless of its potential for human consumption. In this study, we utilized nontargeted lipidomics to thoroughly analyze, compare, and characterize whole-grain lipids in six sorghum cultivars (cv) grown in a single field trial in Australia: Buster, Bazley, Cracker, Liberty, MR43, and Tiger. In total, 194 lipid molecular species representing five major lipid classes were identified. Multivariate analysis unveiled distinct lipid profiles among the cultivars. The most distinct lipid profile belonged to cv. MR43. The lower ω-6 to ω-3 ratio and optimal P/S ratio in cv. Bazley reflect this as a valuable source of balanced essential fatty acids in the diet. The novel bioactive lipids known as FAHFAs (fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids) were identified and characterized in sorghum grains. These findings further emphasize the potential of whole-grain sorghum as a basis for new health-promoting food products.
高粱，一种在全球范围内种植的无麸质谷物，主要作为动物饲料在发达国家使用，而不论其是否具有人类食用的潜力。在这项研究中，我们利用非靶向脂质组学方法，对澳大利亚单一田间试验中种植的六种高粱品种（Buster、Bazley、Cracker、Liberty、MR43 和 Tiger）的全谷物脂质进行了全面分析、比较和特征描述。共鉴定出 194 种代表五种主要脂质类别的脂质分子种类。多变量分析揭示了品种之间的独特脂质图谱。MR43 品种的脂质图谱最为独特。Bazley 品种的 ω-6 与 ω-3 的比例较低，且 P/S 比例最佳，这反映出它是饮食中均衡必需脂肪酸的有价值来源。高粱籽粒中还鉴定和表征了新型生物活性脂质，即 FAHFAs（羟基脂肪酸的脂肪酸酯）。这些发现进一步强调了全谷物高粱作为新型促进健康的食品产品基础的潜力。
