CDC COVID-19 Response, Monitoring and Evaluation Team (Mss Ajiboye, Howard-Williams, Vo, and Weber, Mr McCord, Mr Sunshine, Drs Dunphy, Ladva, and Robinson), Office of Public Health Law Services (Mr Sunshine), and Division of Global HIV & TB, Global Health Center (Ms Ajiboye), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA and Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (Mr Gakh), University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2024;30(6):E335-E343. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000002036. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
In April 2020, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended community masking to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Since then, a total of 39 US states and DC issued mask mandates. Despite CDC recommendations and supporting evidence that masking reduces COVID-19 community transmission, from January to June 20, 2021 states lifted their mask mandates for all individuals. This study examined the association between lifting state-issued mask mandates and mask-wearing behavior in 2021.
We estimated a difference-in-difference model, comparing changes in the likelihood for individuals to wear a mask in states that lifted their mask mandate relative to states that kept their mandates in place between February and June of 2021.
Individuals were surveyed from across the United States.
We used masking behavior data collected by the Porter Novelli View 360 + national surveys (N = 3459), and data from state-issued mask mandates obtained by CDC and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.
The outcome variable of interest was self-reported mask use during the 30 days prior to the survey data collection.
In the overall population, lifting mask mandates did not significantly influence mask-wearing behavior. Mask wearing did significantly decrease in response to the lifting of mask mandates among individuals living in rural counties and individuals who had not yet decided whether they would receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
Policies around COVID-19 behavioral mitigation, specifically amongst those unsure about vaccination and in rural areas, may help reduce the transmission of COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses, especially in communities with low vaccination rates.
2020 年 4 月，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）建议社区戴口罩以防止 SARS-CoV-2 的传播。此后，共有 39 个州和哥伦比亚特区发布了口罩强制令。尽管 CDC 提出了建议，并提供了支持性证据表明戴口罩可以减少 COVID-19 的社区传播，但在 2021 年 1 月至 6 月 20 日，各州取消了对所有人的口罩强制令。本研究考察了 2021 年取消州政府发布的口罩强制令与戴口罩行为之间的关联。
我们估计了一个差分模型，比较了在 2021 年 2 月至 6 月期间，取消口罩强制令的州与保留口罩强制令的州相比，个人戴口罩的可能性的变化。
调查对象来自美国各地。
我们使用了由 Porter Novelli View 360+全国调查（N=3459）收集的口罩使用行为数据，以及由 CDC 和内华达大学拉斯维加斯分校获取的州政府发布的口罩强制令数据。
感兴趣的结果变量是在调查数据收集前 30 天内自我报告的口罩使用情况。
在总体人群中，取消口罩强制令并没有显著影响口罩佩戴行为。在那些居住在农村县的人和那些尚未决定是否接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人中，口罩强制令的取消确实导致口罩佩戴显著减少。
COVID-19 行为缓解政策，特别是针对那些对疫苗接种不确定和在农村地区的人，可能有助于减少 COVID-19 和其他呼吸道病毒的传播，特别是在疫苗接种率低的社区。
