Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Research Unit for Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
J Vet Sci. 2024 Sep;25(5):e62. doi: 10.4142/jvs.24074. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health threat. AMR bacteria and their resistance determinants in food can be transmitted to humans through the food chain and by direct contact and disseminate directly to the environment.
This study examined the AMR characteristics and transferable R plasmids in isolated from meat ducks raised in an open-house system.
One hundred seventy-seven (n = 177) commensal were examined for their antimicrobial susceptibilities and horizontal resistance transfer. The plasmids were examined by PCR-based plasmid replicon typing (PBRT) and plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST).
The highest resistance rate was found against ampicillin (AMP, 83.0%) and tetracycline (TET, 81.9%), and most isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) (86.4%). The R plasmids were conjugally transferred when TET (n = 4), AMP (n = 3), and chloramphenicol (n = 3) were used as a selective pressure. The three isolates transferred resistance genes either in AMP or TET. The CTX-M1 gene resided on conjugative plasmids. Five replicon types were identified, of which Inc FrepB was most common in the donors (n = 13, 38.4%) and transconjugants (n = 16, 31.2%). Subtyping F plasmids revealed five distinct replicons combinations, including F47:A-:B- (n = 2), F29:A-:B23 (n = 1), F29:A-:B- (n = 1), F18:A-B:- (n = 1), and F4:A-:B- (n = 1). The chloramphenicol resistance was significantly correlated with the other AMR phenotypes ( < 0.05).
The meat ducks harbored MDR and played an important role in the environmental dissemination of AMR bacteria and its determinants. This confirms AMR as a health issue, highlighting the need for routine AMR monitoring and surveillance of meat ducks.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是严重的公共卫生威胁。食品中的 AMR 细菌及其耐药决定因素可通过食物链、直接接触和直接传播到环境中传播给人类。
本研究检测了开放式饲养系统中肉鸭分离的 的 AMR 特征和可转移 R 质粒。
对 177 株（n = 177）共生 进行了药敏试验和水平耐药转移试验。采用基于 PCR 的质粒复制子分型（PBRT）和质粒多位点序列分型（pMLST）检测质粒。
对氨苄西林（AMP，83.0%）和四环素（TET，81.9%）的耐药率最高，多数分离株表现出多药耐药（MDR，86.4%）。当 TET（n = 4）、AMP（n = 3）和氯霉素（n = 3）作为选择压力时，R 质粒可通过共轭转移。三种分离株均在 AMP 或 TET 中转移耐药基因。CTX-M1 基因位于可接合质粒上。共鉴定出 5 种复制子类型，其中 Inc FrepB 在供体（n = 13，38.4%）和转导子（n = 16，31.2%）中最为常见。F 质粒亚分型显示 5 种不同的复制子组合，包括 F47:A-:B-（n = 2）、F29:A-:B23（n = 1）、F29:A-:B-（n = 1）、F18:A-B:-（n = 1）和 F4:A-:B-（n = 1）。氯霉素耐药性与其他 AMR 表型显著相关（<0.05）。
肉鸭携带 MDR ，在 AMR 细菌及其决定因素的环境传播中发挥重要作用。这证实了 AMR 是一个健康问题，强调了对肉鸭进行常规 AMR 监测和监测的必要性。
