Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Chem Biol Drug Des. 2024 Sep;104(3):e14613. doi: 10.1111/cbdd.14613.
Skin cancer is a widespread worldwide health concern, manifesting in many subtypes such as squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Although all these types occur frequently, they generally lack the possibility of being cured, emphasizing the importance of early discovery and treatment. This comprehensive study explores the role of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in skin cancer, focusing on its molecular mechanisms in immune regulation and its critical role in tumor immune evasion, while also clarifying the complexities of immune checkpoints in cancer pathogenesis. It critically evaluates the clinical applications of PD-1 inhibitors, spotlighting their therapeutic potential in treating skin cancer, while also addressing the significant challenge of resistance. This work further discusses the evolution of resistance mechanisms against PD-1 inhibitors and suggests potential approaches to mitigate these issues, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of these therapies. The study further highlights the current state of PD-1 targeted therapies and sets the stage for future research aimed at optimizing these treatments for better clinical outcomes in skin cancer.
皮肤癌是一个全球性的健康问题，表现为多种亚型，如鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和黑色素瘤。尽管所有这些类型都很常见，但它们通常缺乏治愈的可能性，这强调了早期发现和治疗的重要性。这项综合性研究探讨了程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1（PD-1）在皮肤癌中的作用，重点研究了其在免疫调节中的分子机制及其在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的关键作用，同时阐明了癌症发病机制中免疫检查点的复杂性。它还批判性地评估了 PD-1 抑制剂的临床应用，强调了其在治疗皮肤癌方面的治疗潜力，同时也解决了耐药性这一重大挑战。这项工作进一步讨论了针对 PD-1 抑制剂的耐药机制的演变，并提出了潜在的方法来减轻这些问题，从而提高这些疗法的效果。该研究进一步强调了 PD-1 靶向治疗的现状，并为未来旨在优化这些治疗方法以获得更好的皮肤癌临床结果的研究奠定了基础。
