Gu Meng, Wang Haozhe, Chen Guoxin, Yu Anfeng, Dang Wenyi, Ling Xiaodong
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, Qingdao, 266104, China.
SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266104, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 4;14(1):20643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71339-w.
To reduce the number of casualties in explosion accidents, blast-resistant shelters can be used to protect personnel in high-risk areas of petrochemical processing plants. In this work, the deformation behaviours of uncoated and polyurea-coated blast-resistant plates were studied through gas explosion tests. An ANSYS/LS-DYNA model of a polyurea-coated shelter was established, and the dynamic responses of the shelter under various explosion loads were analysed. A series of fuel-air explosion tests were carried out to investigate the explosion resistance of the full-scale shelter. The results showed that compared with the uncoated blast-resistant plate, the deformation of the polyurea-coated blast-resistant plate was significantly reduced. The overall deformation of the shelter was the central depression of the wall and the inward bending of the frame. The damage effect of a typical high-overpressure, low-duration load was greater than that of typical low-overpressure, long-duration load. The shelter remained intact under three repeated explosive loads, with cracks appearing on the inner wall but no collapse or debris splashing. The shock wave attenuation rate of the shelter reached over 90%, which could significantly reduce the number of indoor casualties.
为减少爆炸事故中的伤亡人数，可使用抗爆掩体来保护石化加工厂高风险区域的人员。在这项工作中，通过气体爆炸试验研究了未涂层和聚脲涂层抗爆板的变形行为。建立了聚脲涂层掩体的ANSYS/LS-DYNA模型，并分析了掩体在各种爆炸载荷下的动态响应。进行了一系列燃料空气爆炸试验，以研究全尺寸掩体的抗爆性能。结果表明，与未涂层抗爆板相比，聚脲涂层抗爆板的变形显著减小。掩体的整体变形为墙体中央凹陷和框架向内弯曲。典型的高超压、短持续时间载荷的破坏效果大于典型的低超压、长持续时间载荷。掩体在三次重复爆炸载荷下保持完好，内壁出现裂缝，但未坍塌或碎片飞溅。掩体的冲击波衰减率达到90%以上，可显著减少室内伤亡人数。
