Racusen L C, Finn W F, Whelton A, Solez K
Kidney Int. 1985 Mar;27(3):517-22. doi: 10.1038/ki.1985.41.
We have previously found that lysine produces acute renal failure in rats. To define the acute effects of lysine, rats given lysine at 8.9 mg/kg/min, i.v. for 4.5 hr were compared with control rats receiving equiosmolar dextrose. Systemic blood pressure was stable in both groups. Mean intratubular pressure, inulin clearance (CIn), and renal blood flow were determined at 45-min intervals. Intratubular pressures measured with a servonulling micropressure device were elevated by 90 min in lysine-treated animals, with tubular heterogeneity, while pressures in dextrose-treated rats were normal and homogeneous. By 135 min CIn in lysine-treated rats was 45% of CIn in dextrose rats. Urine output fell in lysine-treated rats. Renal blood flow determined by flow probe remained normal in lysine-treated rats through 135 min and did not decline significantly until 180 min. Significant dilatation of surface tubules was documented by intravital microscopy beginning at 90 min in lysine-treated rats. The sequence of elevated intratubular pressure and tubular dilatation, followed by decreased CIn, and then by decreased renal blood flow suggests that lysine produces acute renal failure primarily through tubular obstruction. The tubular obstruction is followed later by an increase in renal vascular resistance.
我们之前发现赖氨酸可使大鼠发生急性肾衰竭。为明确赖氨酸的急性效应，将以8.9毫克/千克/分钟的速度静脉注射赖氨酸4.5小时的大鼠与接受等渗葡萄糖的对照大鼠进行比较。两组的全身血压均稳定。每隔45分钟测定平均肾小管内压力、菊粉清除率（CIn）和肾血流量。用伺服归零微压装置测量的肾小管内压力在赖氨酸处理的动物中90分钟时升高，且存在肾小管异质性，而葡萄糖处理的大鼠肾小管内压力正常且均匀。到135分钟时，赖氨酸处理大鼠的CIn为葡萄糖处理大鼠的45%。赖氨酸处理大鼠的尿量减少。通过流量探头测定的肾血流量在赖氨酸处理的大鼠中直至135分钟仍保持正常，直到180分钟才显著下降。活体显微镜检查显示，赖氨酸处理的大鼠在90分钟时开始出现表面肾小管明显扩张。肾小管内压力升高、肾小管扩张，随后CIn降低，接着肾血流量减少，这一顺序表明赖氨酸主要通过肾小管梗阻导致急性肾衰竭。随后肾小管梗阻会导致肾血管阻力增加。
