Rene Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Sep 4;24(1):734. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05325-2.
Oral health has been associated with general health conditions, but few longitudinal studies evaluated the effect of dentition status on gait speed.
This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between different time-varying measures of dentition status (i.e., number of teeth, the presence of periodontal pockets and the functional impact of oral health) and gait speed (outcome) in older Brazilian adults.
This was a prospective study using data from the Health, Well-being and Aging cohort study (SABE) from 2006, 2010 and 2015. The gait speed was the dependent variable and the independent variables of interest were dentition status evaluated using the number of teeth, use of dental prostheses, presence of periodontal pocket, clinical attachment loss and self-perceived poor functional oral health. Dentition status measures were obtained through clinical oral examinations, performed by trained dentists using standardized criteria proposed by the World Health Organization. Self-perceived poor functional oral health was evaluated using the functional domain of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. The longitudinal effect of dentition status on gait speed was evaluated using mixed-effects linear models. The effect of the number of teeth/periodontal pocket/attachment loss on gait speed change over time was evaluated by including an interaction term between these variables. The effect of periodontal pocket was tested only among dentate individuals.
Data for the complete sample included 3,306 observations from 1,964 individuals. The analyses for dentate individuals included 1,883 observations from 1,149 individuals. There was a positive association between the number of teeth and mean gait speed. Individuals using dental prostheses also had higher means of gait speed than those without dental prostheses. Gait speed was lower among individuals with periodontal pockets and with attachment loss. No interaction was found between any of the indicators of dentition status and time.
Gait speed was associated with dentition status and this association was constant over time.
口腔健康与整体健康状况有关，但很少有纵向研究评估牙齿状况对步态速度的影响。
本研究旨在调查不同时间变化的牙齿状况（即牙齿数量、牙周袋的存在以及口腔健康的功能影响）与巴西老年人步态速度（结局）之间的纵向关联。
这是一项使用来自健康、福利和老龄化队列研究（SABE）的 2006 年、2010 年和 2015 年数据的前瞻性研究。步态速度是因变量，感兴趣的独立变量是使用牙齿数量、使用牙修复体、牙周袋的存在、临床附着丧失和自我感知的口腔健康功能不良来评估的牙齿状况。牙齿状况的评估通过临床口腔检查获得，由经过培训的牙医使用世界卫生组织提出的标准化标准进行。自我感知的口腔健康功能不良通过老年人口腔健康评估指数的功能领域进行评估。使用混合效应线性模型评估牙齿状况对步态速度的纵向影响。通过在这些变量之间包含交互项，评估牙齿数量/牙周袋/附着丧失对步态速度随时间变化的影响。仅在有牙齿的个体中测试牙周袋的影响。
完整样本的数据包括 1964 名个体的 3306 次观察。在有牙齿的个体中，分析包括 1149 名个体的 1883 次观察。牙齿数量与平均步态速度之间存在正相关。使用牙修复体的个体比没有牙修复体的个体具有更高的步态速度均值。有牙周袋和附着丧失的个体步态速度较低。在牙齿状况的任何指标与时间之间均未发现交互作用。
步态速度与牙齿状况有关，这种关联是随时间变化而保持不变的。
