School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
BMC Res Notes. 2024 Sep 4;17(1):248. doi: 10.1186/s13104-024-06928-z.
The relationship between dietary patterns and cirrhosis is undeniable. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis prospectively.
In this cohort study, 121 cirrhotic patients were enrolled and followed up annually for four years. Nutritional status and dietary intakes were assessed initially, and the DASH score was calculated accordingly. Crude and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard analyses.
DASH components including fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds, and low-fat dairy products were significantly associated with lower mortality risk in cirrhotic patients. Also, a higher DASH score was significantly associated with a reduction in the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis, so that after adjusting for all confounders, the risk of mortality in the upper tertile was 89% lower than the first tertile (HR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.03-0.42, P trend < 0.001). The 4-year survival rate among patients across tertiles of DASH was 32%, 37%, and 46%, respectively (P = 0.005).
It can be concluded that a higher DASH diet score may be associated with a reduced risk of mortality in cirrhotic patients. However, larger studies are needed to confirm the findings and determine their potential mechanisms.
饮食模式与肝硬化之间的关系是不可否认的。本研究旨在前瞻性地探讨饮食方法阻止高血压（DASH）饮食与肝硬化患者死亡风险之间的关系。
在这项队列研究中，共纳入了 121 名肝硬化患者，并在接下来的四年中每年进行一次随访。最初评估了营养状况和饮食摄入量，并相应地计算了 DASH 评分。使用 Cox 比例风险分析估计了粗风险比（HR）和多变量校正 HR（95%置信区间[CI]）。
DASH 成分，包括水果、蔬菜、豆类、坚果和种子以及低脂乳制品，与肝硬化患者的较低死亡率风险显著相关。此外，较高的 DASH 评分与肝硬化患者死亡风险的降低显著相关，因此在调整所有混杂因素后，第三 tertile 的死亡风险比第一 tertile 低 89%（HR=0.11，95%CI：0.03-0.42，P 趋势<0.001）。DASH 评分 tertiles 中患者的 4 年生存率分别为 32%、37%和 46%（P=0.005）。
可以得出结论，较高的 DASH 饮食评分可能与肝硬化患者的死亡风险降低有关。然而，需要更大规模的研究来证实这些发现并确定其潜在机制。
