Rizkiansyah Raden Reza, Mardiyati Y, Hariyanto Arief, Dirgantara Tatacipta
Material Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
Fluid Dynamics and Propulsion Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia.
RSC Adv. 2024 Sep 4;14(38):28260-28271. doi: 10.1039/d4ra04172k. eCollection 2024 Aug 29.
This study aims to determine the effect of cellulose morphology on enhancing the nitration of cellulose to achieve nitrocellulose with a high nitrogen content. Cotton linter was employed as a point of reference, and and coffee pulp cellulose were used for comparison. and coffee pulp cellulose were used considering their distinctive morphological characteristics compared to cotton linter. They were nitrated at room temperature for 60 minutes using a mixture of technical grade nitric acid and sulfuric acid with a nitric acid : sulfuric acid ratio of 1 : 3 and cellulose : nitric acid ratio of 1 : 45. The results showed that luffa cellulose is similar in characteristics to cotton linter, which exhibits short, thin-walled tubular ribbon-like microfibrils with 75.09% crystallinity and a specific surface area of 0.70 m g. Nitration of luffa cellulose resulted in nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content as high as 13.67%, which is higher than that of cotton linter with a value of 13.49%. This value of nitrogen content was high enough to be applied even in military-grade applications. Morphology was revealed as the most influential characteristic of nitration, which allows for the preparation of nitrocellulose with qualities similar to cotton linter-based nitrocellulose. Thus, it was demonstrated that nitrocellulose with a high nitrogen content could be achieved despite using a technical grade nitration reagent by selecting cellulose with an appropriate morphology.
本研究旨在确定纤维素形态对增强纤维素硝化作用的影响，以实现具有高氮含量的硝化纤维素。以棉短绒作为参考点，并使用咖啡渣纤维素进行比较。选用咖啡渣纤维素是考虑到其与棉短绒相比具有独特的形态特征。在室温下，使用工业级硝酸和硫酸的混合物（硝酸与硫酸的比例为1∶3，纤维素与硝酸的比例为1∶45）对它们进行60分钟的硝化处理。结果表明，丝瓜纤维素的特性与棉短绒相似，其呈现出短的、薄壁的管状带状微纤丝，结晶度为75.09%，比表面积为0.70 m²/g。丝瓜纤维素硝化后得到的硝化纤维素的氮含量高达13.67%，高于棉短绒硝化纤维素的氮含量（13.49%）。该氮含量值甚至高到足以应用于军事级用途。形态被证明是硝化过程中最具影响力的特征，这使得能够制备出与基于棉短绒的硝化纤维素质量相似的硝化纤维素。因此，研究表明，通过选择具有合适形态的纤维素，即使使用工业级硝化试剂也能获得高氮含量的硝化纤维素。
