Zhu Xiao-Hui, Tan Jing-Lin, Zhou Hui-Ying, Wang Tian-Qi, Zhang Bing-Bing, Lu Xing, Tian Ji-Hui, Liang Cui-Yue, Tian Jiang
1 College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
2 Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2024 Jun;35(6):1583-1589. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202406.013.
Reasonable soybean-maize intercropping mode can effectively promote soil phosphorus turnover and crop phosphorus absorption, and reduce phosphorus fertilizer input. To optimize phosphorus (P)-use efficiency in soybean/maize intercropping system, we intercropped two genotypes of soybean with maize to investigate the rhizosphere processes and mechanisms underlying soil biological P fractions and crop P uptake. The results showed that intercropping significantly depleted the rhizosphere soluble inorganic P (CaCl-P) content in soybean genotype Yuechun 03-3, without impact on the P fractions in the rhizosphere of soybean Essex. Similarly, intercropping significantly increased biomass and P uptake of soybean genotype Yuechun 03-3 by 42.2% and 46.9%, respectively, compared to monoculture. However, it did not affect P uptake and biomass of soybean Essex and maize. Intercropping significantly increased both the total root length and the quantity of root exudates in Yuechun 03-3 by 19.7% and 138.1%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between P uptake and total root length in Yuechun 03-3, while a significant negative correlation between soluble inorganic P content and P uptake. In summary, intercropping of soybean and maize exhibited noticeable genotype differences in its impact on soil P fractions and crop P uptake. Intercropping has the potential to improve soybean P uptake and rhizosphere P turnover, mainly by increasing root length and root exudates of P-efficient genotype. The study would provide scientific evidence for optimizing the pairing of soybean and maize varieties in intercropping systems, thereby enhancing phosphorus utilization efficiency and reducing fertilizer inputs.
合理的大豆-玉米间作模式能够有效促进土壤磷素周转和作物对磷的吸收，并减少磷肥投入。为优化大豆/玉米间作系统中的磷利用效率，我们将两种基因型大豆与玉米间作，以研究根际过程以及土壤生物磷组分和作物磷吸收的潜在机制。结果表明，间作显著降低了大豆基因型粤春03-3根际可溶性无机磷（CaCl-P）含量，而对大豆埃塞克斯根际的磷组分没有影响。同样，与单作相比，间作显著提高了大豆基因型粤春03-3的生物量和磷吸收量，分别提高了42.2%和46.9%。然而，它对大豆埃塞克斯和玉米磷吸收及生物量没有影响。间作显著增加了粤春-03-3的总根长和根系分泌物量，分别增加了19.7%和138.1%。粤春03-3的磷吸收与总根长之间存在显著正相关，而可溶性无机磷含量与磷吸收之间存在显著负相关。总之，大豆与玉米间作对土壤磷组分和作物磷吸收的影响存在显著的基因型差异。间作有潜力提高大豆磷吸收和根际磷周转，主要是通过增加磷高效基因型的根长和根系分泌物。该研究将为优化间作系统中大豆和玉米品种的配对提供科学依据，从而提高磷利用效率并减少肥料投入。
