Longo Federico, Castelli Emanuele, Lewis Daniel Dean, Hudson Caleb C, Kim Stanley Eunwoo, Pozzi Antonio
Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Small Animal Surgery, Marigin-Zentrum für Tiermedizin, Feusisberg, Switzerland.
Vet Surg. 2025 Jan;54(1):129-140. doi: 10.1111/vsu.14161. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
The aim of the present study was to report the outcomes and complications of minimally invasive tarsal arthrodesis (MITA) in dogs.
Bi-institutional retrospective study.
A total of 15 client-owned dogs.
Medical records of dogs undergoing MITA were reviewed to determine outcome and complications. Radiographs were recommended every 4 weeks until clinical union and reviewed to evaluate tibiotarsometatarsal alignment, implant position, subsequent osseous union of the debrided articulations. Time to clinical union and complications were recorded. Clinical union was defined as functional weightbearing limb use with at least 50% of osseous union. Final limb function was defined as full, acceptable, or unacceptable.
Partial tarsal arthrodesis was performed in 10 cases and pantarsal arthrodesis in five cases. Postoperative swelling was minimal. Most complications, 26% major and 40% minor, were implant-related, and explant was required in three dogs. No catastrophic complications occurred. Mean (±sd) radiographic follow-up was 11.4 (±13.1) months Mean (±sd) time to radiographic osseous union was 1.8 (±0.5) months. Mean (±sd) time to clinical union was 3.7 (±0.8) months. Physiological alignment was restored in 12/15 dogs. Complete radiographic union occurred in 46% while in the remaining 54% obtained partial radiographic union, but clinical instability was not observed. Limb function was considered full in six and acceptable in eight dogs. Function was unacceptable in one dog, but the cause was not related to MITA.
MITA resulted in restoration of alignment, which was accomplished using MITA techniques. Furthermore, MITA appeared to result in faster healing times and reduced soft tissue complications compared to conventional open approach arthrodesis.
MITA may be considered as an option to obtain functional arthrodesis in dogs.
本研究旨在报告犬微创跗关节融合术（MITA）的结果及并发症。
双机构回顾性研究。
共15只客户拥有的犬。
回顾接受MITA的犬的病历以确定结果及并发症。建议每4周进行一次X线片检查直至临床愈合，并对其进行评估以评价胫跗跖关节对线、植入物位置以及清创关节的后续骨愈合情况。记录临床愈合时间及并发症。临床愈合定义为患肢能进行功能性负重且至少50%骨愈合。最终肢体功能定义为完全、可接受或不可接受。
10例进行了部分跗关节融合术，5例进行了全跗关节融合术。术后肿胀轻微。大多数并发症（26%为严重并发症，40%为轻微并发症）与植入物相关，3只犬需要取出植入物。未发生灾难性并发症。X线片平均（±标准差）随访时间为11.4（±13.1）个月。X线片显示骨愈合的平均（±标准差）时间为1.8（±0.5）个月。临床愈合的平均（±标准差）时间为3.7（±0.8）个月。15只犬中有12只恢复了生理对线。46%达到完全X线片愈合，其余54%为部分X线片愈合，但未观察到临床不稳定。6只犬的肢体功能被认为完全恢复，8只犬的功能可接受。1只犬的功能不可接受，但其原因与MITA无关。
MITA可恢复对线，这是通过MITA技术实现的。此外，与传统开放手术关节融合术相比，MITA似乎愈合时间更快且软组织并发症更少。
MITA可被视为犬获得功能性关节融合的一种选择。
