McKinsey Eva, Thorn Amelia, Kim Minjee Kristin, Hanson Kaitlyn, Lamb Raza, Brockelman Nina A, Lawrence Samuel K, Ravi Sidharth
Duke University School of Law, Duke University.
Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University.
Psychol Trauma. 2024 Sep 5. doi: 10.1037/tra0001784.
Understanding judges' views is crucial to the successful adoption of a trauma-informed (TI) approach in the U.S. court system, yet little is known on this topic. We explored judges' attitudes of and experiences with TI practice to help fill this gap.
We surveyed 91 North Carolina district court judges, assessing their attitudes related to TI practice, use of trauma-informed practices (TIPs), previous trauma education, and support for different justice goals. We conducted independent-samples t tests and Poisson regression analyses to compare attitudes, use of TIPs, and education experiences between judges working in juvenile justice and those not in juvenile justice; descriptive statistics to examine rates of engagement with different TIPs; and bivariate correlation analyses to assess associations between TI practice outcomes and justice goals.
Analyses revealed more favorable attitudes toward a TI approach and greater engagement with trauma education among judges working in juvenile versus adult courts; TIPs with the lowest levels of engagement related to policies and procedures; and strong positive correlations between favorable TI practice attitudes and support for rehabilitation and restoration.
Findings highlight areas for growth in the movement to create more TI courts, such as strengthening support for TI practice in the adult criminal system and implementing TIPs related to policies, procedures, and outcomes, not just communication. Findings also support the connection between a TI approach and less punitive justice practices, signaling the potential role that TI judicial practice can play in shifting our legal system toward more transformative forms of justice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
了解法官的观点对于在美国法院系统成功采用创伤知情（TI）方法至关重要，但关于这一主题的了解却很少。我们探讨了法官对TI实践的态度和经历，以填补这一空白。
我们对91名北卡罗来纳州地方法院法官进行了调查，评估他们对TI实践的态度、创伤知情实践（TIPs）的使用情况、以前的创伤教育以及对不同司法目标的支持。我们进行了独立样本t检验和泊松回归分析，以比较在少年司法系统工作的法官和不在少年司法系统工作的法官在态度、TIPs使用和教育经历方面的差异；进行描述性统计以检查参与不同TIPs的比率；进行双变量相关分析以评估TI实践结果与司法目标之间的关联。
分析显示，与成人法庭的法官相比，少年法庭的法官对TI方法的态度更积极，对创伤教育的参与度更高；参与度最低的TIPs与政策和程序有关；对TI实践的积极态度与对康复和恢复的支持之间存在强烈的正相关。
研究结果突出了创建更多TI法庭运动中需要改进的领域，例如加强对成人刑事系统中TI实践的支持，以及实施与政策、程序和结果相关的TIPs，而不仅仅是沟通方面的TIPs。研究结果还支持TI方法与较少惩罚性司法实践之间的联系，表明TI司法实践在推动我们的法律系统向更具变革性的司法形式转变方面可能发挥的作用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
