Adjei-Gyamfi Silas, Asirifi Abigail, Peprah Wisdom, Abbey Delphina Aneley, Hamenoo Kwadzo Wisdom, Zakaria Mary Sakina, Mohammed Osman, Aryee Paul Armah
Savelugu Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Savelugu, Northern Region, Ghana.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Sep 5;4(9):e0003631. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003631. eCollection 2024.
Anaemia as a critical health condition greatly upsurges the risk of pregnancy complications leading to preventable maternal mortalities and long-term morbidities. Therefore, identifying anaemia-associated factors is vital for planning relevant interventions in resource-constrained regions in Sahelian Africa. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of anaemia at 36 weeks of pregnancy among antenatal women in a peri-urban municipality of Ghana. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among antenatal women from five different health facilities in Savelugu Municipality. Using antenatal register as the sampling frame, 422 participants were sampled. Data were collected via antenatal records review and a structured questionnaire. Using STATA, binary logistic regression was performed to identify significantly associated factors of anaemia at 36 weeks of pregnancy, considering a significance level of α = 0.05. Prevalence of anaemia at 36 weeks was 45.3%. Low socioeconomic status (AOR = 1.78; 95%CI:1.10-2.90; p = 0.020), pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 (overweight or obesity) (AOR = 1.62; 95%CI:1.01-2.58; p = 0.041), non-intake of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine drugs (AOR = 2.22; 95%:1.40-3.51; p = 0.001), and malaria infection (AOR = 3.14; 95%CI:1.66-5.93; p<0.001) were associated with increased odds of anaemia at 36 weeks of pregnancy. Anaemia remains a burden in peri-urban Northern Ghana. Given the observed correlates of anaemia, interventions should be focused on strengthening malaria preventive measures, poverty alleviation, and peri-conception nutrition programs to avert adverse pregnancy outcomes.
贫血作为一种严重的健康状况，极大地增加了妊娠并发症的风险，导致可预防的孕产妇死亡和长期发病。因此，识别与贫血相关的因素对于在萨赫勒地区非洲资源有限的地区规划相关干预措施至关重要。本研究旨在评估加纳一个城郊市镇产前妇女在妊娠36周时贫血的患病率及其决定因素。对来自萨韦卢古市镇五个不同卫生设施的产前妇女进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。以产前登记册作为抽样框架，抽取了422名参与者。通过产前记录审查和一份结构化问卷收集数据。使用STATA软件进行二元逻辑回归，以确定妊娠36周时贫血的显著相关因素，显著性水平设定为α = 0.05。妊娠36周时贫血的患病率为45.3%。社会经济地位低下（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.78；95%置信区间[CI]：1.10 - 2.90；p = 0.020）、孕前体重指数≥25 kg/m²（超重或肥胖）（AOR = 1.62；95%CI：1.01 - 2.58；p = 0.041）、未服用磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶药物（AOR = 2.22；95%CI：1.40 - 3.51；p = 0.001）以及疟疾感染（AOR = 3.14；95%CI：1.66 - 5.93；p<0.001）与妊娠36周时贫血几率增加相关。在加纳北部城郊地区贫血仍然是一个负担。鉴于观察到的贫血相关因素，干预措施应侧重于加强疟疾预防措施、扶贫以及孕前营养计划，以避免不良妊娠结局。
