Institute for Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Institute for Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Clin Nutr. 2024 Oct;43(10):2336-2343. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.08.027. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Targeting effective strategies to prevent cognitive decline is key in the aging population. Some diets have been linked to a slower cognitive decline, potentially through reducing inflammation. We aimed at determining the effect of inflammatory dietary patterns (IDPs) on cognitive function in three population-based cohorts.
In this longitudinal study, we analyzed data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging, CoLaus|PsyCoLaus and Rotterdam Study. Our analytical sample included participants over 55 years old with baseline data on cognition, dietary intake, and inflammatory markers. IDPs were derived for each cohort using reduced rank regression to reflect maximal variation in three inflammatory markers. We calculated scores of consumption of the IDPs, higher scores indicating more IDP consumption. We used inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights in the marginal structural models to estimate associations of higher versus lower quarters of consumption of an IDP on general cognition (Mini-Mental State Evaluation) and four cognitive domains (memory, verbal fluency, verbal learning and processing speed and executive function) during at least 3 years of follow-up.
We included 10,366 participants (mean age 68) followed-up for a mean of 5 years. Diet explained between 1 and 2% of the variation of the inflammatory markers. There were no differences in general cognition when comparing the highest to the lowest quarter of consumption of IDPs among the three cohorts. Mean differences for the four cognitive domains were of small magnitude across cohorts and not clinically relevant.
Diet explained low variation in inflammatory markers. Consuming IDPs was not associated with mean differences in general or domain-specific cognitive function.
针对有效策略来预防认知能力下降是老龄化人口的关键。一些饮食与认知能力下降速度较慢有关，可能是通过减少炎症。我们旨在确定炎性饮食模式（IDPs）对三个基于人群的队列的认知功能的影响。
在这项纵向研究中，我们分析了加拿大老龄化纵向研究、CoLaus|PsyCoLaus 和鹿特丹研究的数据。我们的分析样本包括 55 岁以上的参与者，他们在认知、饮食摄入和炎症标志物方面有基线数据。我们使用降秩回归为每个队列生成 IDP，以反映三个炎症标志物的最大变化。我们计算了 IDP 消耗的分数，分数越高表示 IDP 消耗越多。我们在边际结构模型中使用治疗和 censoring 权重的逆概率来估计 IDP 消耗的较高与较低四分位数与至少 3 年随访期间的一般认知（简易精神状态评估）和四个认知域（记忆、言语流畅性、言语学习和处理速度和执行功能）之间的关联。
我们纳入了 10366 名参与者（平均年龄 68 岁），平均随访时间为 5 年。饮食解释了炎症标志物变化的 1%至 2%。在三个队列中，IDP 消耗的最高与最低四分位数之间，一般认知没有差异。四个认知域的平均差异在各队列中较小，且无临床意义。
饮食解释了炎症标志物的低变化。消耗 IDP 与一般或特定认知功能的平均差异无关。
