CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Peru.
Child Care Health Dev. 2024 Sep;50(5):e13330. doi: 10.1111/cch.13330.
This study aims to identify factors associated with excessive screen time among preschoolers in Lima, Peru.
Cross-sectional analysis from a 2019 panel study in Lima, Peru, was conducted focusing on women, aged 18 and above, who are mothers of 3- to 5-year-olds in mid-high and mid-low districts. There were two outcome variables: excessive TV and excessive electronic devices screen time, defined as ≥ 1 h of screen exposure for each one. Explored factors included the mother's age, education and wealth index and the children's age, sex, physical activity, day care attendance and ultra-processed food consumption. Crude (cPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated for the association between associated factors and excessive screen time using the GLM Poisson of with a logarithmic link.
Excessive TV screen time and electronic devices prevalence was 74% and 36.9%, respectively. For TV screen time, a high wealth index (aPR 1.13; 95%CI: 1.03-1.23) and children's age (aPR 1.18; 95%CI: 1.08-1.29 for 4 years, PR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.07-1.28 for 5 years) were significant. For electronic devices, significant associations included mothers with more than 3 children (aPR 0.77; 95%CI: 0.62-0.96), being single (aPR 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01-1.58) and a high wealth index (aPR 1.38; 95%CI: 1.13-1.68). Furthermore, significant associations were found between excessive electronic device screen time and consumption of candies and chocolates (aPR 1.38; 95%CI: 1.08-1.77).
Seven out of 10 preschool children exceeded the recommended television screen time. Certain characteristics of the children, their mothers and the family's socio-economic situation are related to excessive television screen time and excessive electronic device screen time.
本研究旨在确定秘鲁利马学龄前儿童过度使用屏幕时间的相关因素。
本研究采用 2019 年在秘鲁利马进行的一项面板研究进行横断面分析，研究对象为年龄在 18 岁及以上的女性，她们是 3 至 5 岁儿童的母亲，所在地区为中高和中低收入地区。有两个结果变量：过度看电视和过度使用电子设备屏幕时间，定义为每种屏幕暴露时间均≥1 小时。探讨的因素包括母亲的年龄、教育和财富指数以及儿童的年龄、性别、体力活动、日托出勤率和超加工食品消费。使用 GLM Poisson 对数链接，对与过度屏幕时间相关的关联因素进行了粗（cPR）和调整后流行率比（aPR）的估计。
过度看电视和电子设备的患病率分别为 74%和 36.9%。对于看电视时间，高财富指数（aPR 1.13；95%CI：1.03-1.23）和儿童年龄（4 岁时 aPR 1.18；95%CI：1.08-1.29，PR=1.17；95%CI：1.07-1.28 岁时 5 岁）与这一结果显著相关。对于电子设备，显著关联因素包括有 3 个以上孩子的母亲（aPR 0.77；95%CI：0.62-0.96）、单身母亲（aPR 1.27；95%CI：1.01-1.58）和高财富指数（aPR 1.38；95%CI：1.13-1.68）。此外，还发现过度使用电子设备与糖果和巧克力的消费之间存在显著关联（aPR 1.38；95%CI：1.08-1.77）。
十分之七的学龄前儿童超过了推荐的电视屏幕时间。儿童、其母亲和家庭的社会经济状况的某些特征与过度看电视时间和过度使用电子设备屏幕时间有关。
