Public Health Postgraduate Program, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil.
Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor (Idec), Sao Paulo 01139-000, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Aug 26;21(9):1123. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21091123.
Screen time, involving activities like watching television (TV), and using tablets, mobile phones, and computers (electronic devices), is associated with the consumption of unhealthy foods. This study aimed to analyze the association between prolonged leisure screen time and healthy and unhealthy food consumption indicators among Brazilian adults (≥18 years).
Data from the National Health Survey (NHS), conducted in 2019 (n = 88,531), were used. Prolonged leisure screen time (screen time ≥ 3 h/day) was analyzed in three dimensions: watching TV; use of electronic devices; and total screen time (TV and electronic devices). Food consumption was analyzed in two dimensions: healthy (in natura and minimally processed foods) and unhealthy (ultra-processed foods). Poisson regression models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (crude and adjusted (PRa)) by sociodemographic factors (sex, age, schooling, income, area of residence, and race/color) and health factors (weight status, self-rated health, and presence of noncommunicable disease), to assess the association between prolonged screen time and food consumption indicators.
Among Brazilian adults, the prevalence of prolonged screen time was 21.8% for TV and 22.2% for other electronic devices for leisure. The highest frequency of watching TV for a prolonged time was observed among women, older adults, and those with a lower income and schooling. Prolonged use of electronic devices was more common among young adults and those with intermediate schooling and income. Prolonged screen time was associated with an unhealthy diet, due both to the higher consumption of unhealthy foods (PRa = 1.35 for TV, PRa = 1.21 for electronic devices, and PRa = 1.32 for both types) and the lower consumption of healthy foods (PRa = 0.88 for TV, PRa = 0.86 for electronic devices, and PRa = 0.86 for both).
Prolonged screen time was negatively associated with the consumption of healthy foods and favored the consumption of unhealthy foods among Brazilian adults.
屏幕时间，包括看电视（TV）和使用平板电脑、手机和电脑（电子设备）等活动，与不健康食品的消费有关。本研究旨在分析巴西成年人（≥18 岁）中长时间休闲屏幕时间与健康和不健康食物消费指标之间的关联。
使用了 2019 年进行的全国健康调查（NHS）的数据（n=88531）。长时间休闲屏幕时间（屏幕时间≥3 小时/天）从三个方面进行分析：看电视；使用电子设备；以及总屏幕时间（电视和电子设备）。食物消费从两个方面进行分析：健康（天然和低加工食品）和不健康（超加工食品）。使用泊松回归模型按社会人口因素（性别、年龄、教育程度、收入、居住地和种族/肤色）和健康因素（体重状况、自我报告的健康状况和非传染性疾病的存在）计算粗比（crude prevalence ratio，PR）和调整后比（adjusted prevalence ratio，PRa），以评估长时间屏幕时间与食物消费指标之间的关联。
在巴西成年人中，长时间看电视的比例为 21.8%，长时间使用其他电子设备的比例为 22.2%。长时间看电视的最高频率出现在女性、老年人以及收入和教育程度较低的人群中。长时间使用电子设备的情况在年轻成年人以及中等教育程度和收入的人群中更为常见。长时间的屏幕时间与不健康的饮食有关，这既是由于不健康食品的消费增加（电视的 PRa=1.35，电子设备的 PRa=1.21，两种设备的 PRa=1.32），也是由于健康食品的消费减少（电视的 PRa=0.88，电子设备的 PRa=0.86，两种设备的 PRa=0.86）。
长时间的屏幕时间与巴西成年人健康食品的消费呈负相关，有利于不健康食品的消费。
