Nabwey Hossam A, Tony Maha A
Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Basic Engineering Science Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 5;14(1):20755. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71848-8.
Smart waste management and valorisation is presented in the current investigation. Iron is collected from mining wastewater stream and augmented with sand as a supporting material to produce sand core. The sand core pellets encapsulated in paraffin's to enhance its feasibility as phase change material (PCM). Sand core was characterized using X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) augmented with energy dispersive X-ray spectrum analysis. Experimental test is achieved by mixing sand core/iron and paraffin that is signified as an encapsulated phase change material. The encapsulated sand core-PCM is embedded in varies mass weights of percentages of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% and labeled as 0.5%-sand core-PCM, 1.0%-sand core-PCM, 1.5%-sand core-PCM and 2.0%-sand core-PCM. The encapsulated sand core-PCM is embedded into a heat exchanger of the vertical type model that is connected with a flat plate solar collector. Such collector is heating the heat transfer carrier, which is exposed to the heat exchanger for melting the PCM. The experimental work is conducted across the solar noon where the solar intensity in the region is reached to 1162 W/m at the time of conducting experiments. Water is applied and supposed as the working heat transfer fluid transporter and pumped into the system at the rate of 0.0014 kg per second. The experimental result revealed that the heat gained recorded an enhancement from 7 to 48 kJ/min when the 1.5%-sand core-PCM system is applied. Thus, the results showed the system is a good candidate by increasing the system efficiency with 92% as a potential solution of solar energy storage at the off-time periods.
当前研究介绍了智能废物管理与增值。从采矿废水流中收集铁，并添加沙子作为支撑材料以生产砂芯。将砂芯颗粒封装在石蜡中，以增强其作为相变材料（PCM）的可行性。使用X射线衍射和配备能量色散X射线光谱分析的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对砂芯进行表征。通过将砂芯/铁与石蜡混合进行实验测试，该混合物被视为封装相变材料。将封装的砂芯-PCM以0.5%、1.0%、1.5%和2.0%的不同质量百分比嵌入，并分别标记为0.5%-砂芯-PCM、1.0%-砂芯-PCM、1.5%-砂芯-PCM和2.0%-砂芯-PCM。将封装的砂芯-PCM嵌入与平板太阳能集热器相连的垂直式热交换器中。这种集热器加热传热载体，传热载体与热交换器接触以使PCM熔化。实验工作在太阳正午进行，实验时该地区的太阳强度达到1162 W/m²。使用水作为工作传热流体输送器，并以每秒0.0014千克的速率泵入系统。实验结果表明，当应用1.5%-砂芯-PCM系统时，获得的热量从7 kJ/min增加到48 kJ/min。因此，结果表明该系统通过将系统效率提高92%，是太阳能在非工作时间段储能的潜在解决方案，是一个很好的选择。
