Wang Xin, Yin Lanmei, Geng Chunchun, Zhang Jiaqi, Li Jianzhong, Huang Pengfei, Li Yali, Wang Qiye, Yang Huansheng
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Jan 4;103. doi: 10.1093/jas/skae262.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of feed intake levels on the development of intestinal morphology and epithelial cell differentiation in piglets. Sixty-four 35-d-old healthy weaned piglets ([Large White × Landrace] × Duroc) with an initial weight (6.93 ± 0.12 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups (100%, 80%, 40%, and 20% feed intake) with 8 replicates of 2 pigs each. Samples were collected on days 3 and 7. The results revealed that with an increase in feed restriction degree and time, the body weight and organ index of piglets significantly decreased, and the villus height (VH) and crypt depth of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum also decreased linearly (P < 0.05). After 3 d of feed restriction, jejunal ki67, endocrine cells, goblet cells, and villus endocrine/VH all decreased linearly, but the villus cup/VH ratio increased linearly, and the 40% and 20% were significantly higher than those of the 100% and 80% (P < 0.05). There was also a linear decrease in jejunal ki67, endocrine cells, goblet cells, and villous endocrine/VH in piglets fed 7 d of food restriction; however, the villus goblet cells/VH ratio in the 20% was significantly higher than that in the 40% group and was not different from that in the 80% (P < 0.05). During 3 d of feed restriction, the expression of jejunal differentiation marker genes showed a linear decreasing trend (P < 0.05) but increased linearly after 7 d of feed restriction. The expression levels of interleukin17 (IL-17) and IL-22 also increased linearly (P < 0.05). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene set enrichment analysis analyses indicated that the PPAR signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, and Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell differentiation were significantly enriched in these processes. real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that both PPAR and ECM-receptor interactions were significantly activated during 7 d of feeding restriction (P < 0.05). The results showed that with an increase in feed restriction intensity and time, the intestinal morphology and epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation were significantly reduced, except for the goblet cells. This phenomenon is related to the regulation of intestinal differentiation by IL-17 and IL-22 secreted by the Th cells.
本研究旨在探讨采食量水平对仔猪肠道形态发育及上皮细胞分化的影响。选取64头35日龄健康断奶仔猪（[大白猪×长白猪]×杜洛克），初始体重为（6.93±0.12 kg），随机分为4组（100%、80%、40%和20%采食量），每组2头猪，共8个重复。在第3天和第7天采集样本。结果显示，随着限饲程度和时间的增加，仔猪体重和器官指数显著降低，十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度（VH）和隐窝深度也呈线性下降（P<0.05）。限饲3 d后，空肠ki67、内分泌细胞、杯状细胞及绒毛内分泌细胞/VH均呈线性下降，但绒毛杯状细胞/VH比值呈线性增加，40%和20%组显著高于100%和80%组（P<0.05）。限饲7 d的仔猪空肠ki67、内分泌细胞、杯状细胞及绒毛内分泌细胞/VH也呈线性下降；然而，20%组的绒毛杯状细胞/VH比值显著高于4O%组，与80%组无差异（P<0.05）。限饲3 d期间，空肠分化标志物基因表达呈线性下降趋势（P<0.05），但限饲7 d后呈线性增加。白细胞介素17（IL-17）和IL-22的表达水平也呈线性增加（P<0.05）。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）和基因集富集分析表明，PPAR信号通路、细胞外基质受体相互作用以及Th1、Th2和Th17细胞分化在这些过程中显著富集。实时定量聚合酶链反应表明限饲7 d期间PPAR和细胞外基质受体相互作用均被显著激活（P<0.05）。结果表明，随着限饲强度和时间的增加，除杯状细胞外，肠道形态及上皮细胞增殖和分化均显著降低。这种现象与Th细胞分泌的IL-17和IL-22对肠道分化的调节有关。
