Dostal Jiri, Hybska Tereza, Saganelidze Khatuna, Pudil Radek, Stasek Josef
1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.
Center for Sports Medicine, Prague, Czechia.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Aug 22;11:1443214. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1443214. eCollection 2024.
Human diving reflex is a well-studied phenomenon. However, very little is known about the possible relationship between augmented diving reflex and autonomic dysfunction.
We retrospectively studied a group of four swimmers who underwent a diving reflex test as part of the examination due to symptoms related to autonomic dysfunction during swimming. The control group comprised 11 healthy swimmers with no history of these symptoms. A standardized diving reflex test was performed for each athlete in both groups. Hemodynamic profiles, including heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, were recorded.
There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in any of the three parameters measured before the test. However, at the end of the test, each parameter (heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output) was significantly lower in the swimmers who presented with clinical symptoms related to autonomic dysfunction than in the control group.
This observation could shed light on autonomic dysfunction as a possible cause of sudden cardiac death in swimming athletes. It also demonstrated that autonomic dysfunction is presented not only by decreased heart rate but also by stroke volume, causing a drop in cardiac output to the level of hemodynamic collapse.
人类潜水反射是一个已得到充分研究的现象。然而，关于增强的潜水反射与自主神经功能障碍之间可能存在的关系，人们所知甚少。
我们回顾性研究了一组四名游泳运动员，他们因游泳时出现与自主神经功能障碍相关的症状，而在检查过程中接受了潜水反射测试。对照组由11名无这些症状病史的健康游泳运动员组成。对两组中的每位运动员都进行了标准化的潜水反射测试。记录了包括心率、每搏输出量和心输出量在内的血流动力学参数。
在测试前测量的三个参数中，两组之间在任何一个参数上均无统计学上的显著差异。然而，在测试结束时，出现与自主神经功能障碍相关临床症状的游泳运动员的每个参数（心率、每搏输出量和心输出量）均显著低于对照组。
这一观察结果可能有助于揭示自主神经功能障碍是游泳运动员心源性猝死的一个可能原因。它还表明，自主神经功能障碍不仅表现为心率降低，还表现为每搏输出量降低，导致心输出量下降至血流动力学崩溃的水平。
