Mehammed-Ameen Omed H, Khalaf Marwah A, Hanoon Rabab H
Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, IRQ.
Maternal and Child Health, College of Nursing, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, IRQ.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 6;16(8):e66297. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66297. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Background Adolescents are increasingly facing nutrition-related issues such as overweight, obesity, and underweight, and eating patterns may significantly contribute to these issues. So, this study aims to assess the nutritional status and eating patterns of female secondary school students in Kirkuk City, Iraq. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design was applied, which took place between January 13 and May 30, 2024. The convenience non-probability sampling method was used to select 525 female secondary students in six female government secondary schools. Interview techniques and a structured questionnaire were used to collect data. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0 (Released 2020; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States), was used for the data analysis. Results The mean age of the participants was 15.66 years old (SD 1.56). The finding revealed that 84 (16%) of secondary school female students were underweight, 100 (19%) of them were overweight, and 22 (4%) were obese. On the other hand, 423 (80.6%) of them reported eating snacks between meals, 497 (94%) reported eating fast food, and 378 (72%) reported skipping meals. The chi-squared test concludes that eating fast food and consuming energy drinks show significant associations with weight status, with a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion A quarter of the female secondary school students were overweight or obese, and about one-sixth of them were underweight. Most of them either had snacks between meals, frequently ate fast food, or skipped meals. For these reasons, it is crucial to implement a school-based nutrition program in Iraqi schools.
背景 青少年越来越多地面临与营养相关的问题，如超重、肥胖和体重不足，而饮食模式可能在很大程度上导致了这些问题。因此，本研究旨在评估伊拉克基尔库克市女中学生的营养状况和饮食模式。
方法 采用描述性横断面研究设计，研究于2024年1月13日至5月30日进行。采用便利非概率抽样方法，从六所政府女子中学选取了525名女中学生。通过访谈技术和结构化问卷收集数据。使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 27.0版（2020年发布；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）进行数据分析。
结果 参与者的平均年龄为15.66岁（标准差1.56）。研究结果显示，84名（16%）女中学生体重不足，100名（19%）超重，22名（4%）肥胖。另一方面，423名（80.6%）学生报告有在两餐之间吃零食的习惯，497名（94%）报告吃过快餐，378名（72%）报告有不吃正餐的情况。卡方检验得出结论，吃快餐和喝能量饮料与体重状况存在显著关联，p值小于0.05。
结论 四分之一的女中学生超重或肥胖，约六分之一体重不足。她们中的大多数人要么在两餐之间吃零食，经常吃快餐，要么不吃正餐。基于这些原因，在伊拉克学校实施以学校为基础的营养计划至关重要。
