Rastegar Maryam, Nazar Eisa, Shakeri Mohammad Taghi, Fakoor Vahid, Nasehi Mahshid, Sharafi Saeed
Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Orthopedic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2024 Aug 12;15:35. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_346_23. eCollection 2024.
Smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (SPPTB) is a significant public health concern in Iran. This registry-based study aimed to investigate the incidence rates of SPPTB in Iran from 2018 to 2022.
The study analyzed SPPTB cases using the Spatial Lag Model to investigate the spatial distribution of SPPTB incidence rates, income inequality, and delayed diagnosis across the provinces of Iran and mapped the results using GIS maps.
The study found that SPPTB is prevalent among older individuals and males. The analysis identified significant spatial variation in the distribution of SPPTB incidence rates, income inequality, and delayed diagnosis across the provinces. The highest incidence rate of SPPTB was found in Sistan and Baluchestan Province and Golestan provinces. The study found a positive association between income inequalities, measured by the Gini index, and SPPTB incidence rates, indicating that provinces with higher income inequality may have higher incidence rates of SPPTB. The negative correlation with delayed diagnosis implies that predominantly, SPPTB cases are identified in the early months.
The study highlights the need to address socioeconomic disparities in health outcomes and implement targeted interventions in areas with higher income inequality to reduce the burden of SPPTB in Iran. Despite decreased SPPTB incidence rates in Iran over the past decade, some regions, such as Sistan and Baluchestan, still have high incidence rates. The Iranian government has implemented policies and programs to reduce income inequality and delayed diagnosis within the country, which can contribute to reducing the burden of SPPTB.
涂片阳性肺结核（SPPTB）是伊朗一个重大的公共卫生问题。这项基于登记处的研究旨在调查2018年至2022年伊朗SPPTB的发病率。
该研究使用空间滞后模型分析SPPTB病例，以调查伊朗各省SPPTB发病率、收入不平等和诊断延迟的空间分布，并使用地理信息系统地图绘制结果。
研究发现SPPTB在老年人和男性中普遍存在。分析确定了伊朗各省在SPPTB发病率、收入不平等和诊断延迟的分布上存在显著的空间差异。SPPTB发病率最高的是锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省和戈勒斯坦省。研究发现，用基尼系数衡量的收入不平等与SPPTB发病率之间存在正相关，这表明收入不平等程度较高的省份可能有较高的SPPTB发病率。与诊断延迟呈负相关意味着，主要是在最初几个月发现SPPTB病例。
该研究强调需要解决健康结果方面的社会经济差距，并在收入不平等程度较高的地区实施有针对性的干预措施，以减轻伊朗SPPTB的负担。尽管伊朗在过去十年中SPPTB发病率有所下降，但一些地区，如锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦，仍然发病率很高。伊朗政府已在国内实施了减少收入不平等和诊断延迟的政策和计划，这有助于减轻SPPTB的负担。
