Fallah Sahar, Nasehi Mahshid, Etemadinezhad Siavash, Fallah Simin, Yazdani Charati Jamshid
Faculty of Health, Mazandaran university of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tanaffos. 2022 Feb;21(2):221-229.
Tuberculosis is the most common worldwide cause of death from microbial diseases. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 20% to 25% of all cases. In this study, we used generalized estimation equations to investigate the trend of changes in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence.
The recorded data of all patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from 2015 to 2019 in Iran's National Tuberculosis Registration Center were included. The trend of standardized incidence changes in provinces of Iran was calculated and reported linearly. Also, we identified the risk factors related to the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in five consecutive years using generalized estimating equations.
We studied the data of 12,537 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, of whom 50.3% were female. The mean age of the subjects was 43.61±19.88 years. Around 15.4% of all patients had a history of contact with a tuberculosis patient, 43% had a history of hospital stay, and 2.6% had a human immunodeficiency virus infection. Regarding disease types, 25% were lymphatic, 22% were pleural, and 14% were bone. Golestan province had the highest (average of 28.50 ± 8.65 cases), and Fars province had the lowest (average of 3.06 ± 0.75 cases) standardized incidences in these five years. Also, time trend ( < 0.001), employment rate ( = 0.037), and average annual rural income ( = 0.001) had a significant effect on reducing extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence.
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has a decreasing trend in Iran. Still, Golestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, and Khuzestan provinces have a higher incidence rate compared to the other provinces.
结核病是全球微生物疾病导致死亡的最常见原因。肺外结核病占所有病例的20%至25%。在本研究中，我们使用广义估计方程来研究肺外结核病发病率的变化趋势。
纳入了伊朗国家结核病登记中心2015年至2019年所有肺外结核病患者的记录数据。计算并线性报告了伊朗各省标准化发病率的变化趋势。此外，我们使用广义估计方程确定了连续五年与肺外结核病发病率相关的风险因素。
我们研究了12537例肺外结核病患者的数据，其中50.3%为女性。受试者的平均年龄为43.61±19.88岁。所有患者中约15.4%有与结核病患者接触史，43%有住院史，2.6%有人免疫缺陷病毒感染。关于疾病类型，25%为淋巴结核，22%为胸膜炎，14%为骨结核。在这五年中，戈勒斯坦省的标准化发病率最高（平均为28.50±8.65例），法尔斯省最低（平均为3.06±0.75例）。此外，时间趋势（P<0.001）、就业率（P = 0.037）和农村年平均收入（P = 0.001）对降低肺外结核病发病率有显著影响。
伊朗肺外结核病呈下降趋势。然而，与其他省份相比，戈勒斯坦省、锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省、霍尔木兹甘省和胡齐斯坦省的发病率较高。
