Escamilla Rafael F, Yamashiro Kyle, Asuncion Robert, MacLean Daniel, Thompson Irwin Scott, McKeough Michael
Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Sacramento: 6000 J Street MS 6020 Sacramento CA 95819, USA.
MAC Performance Physical Therapy, USA.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2024 Sep;36(9):518-525. doi: 10.1589/jpts.36.518. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
[Purpose] Compare four quick (approximately 60 s), reliable methods of assessing %body-fat (%BF) among young (Y, 18-34 years), middle-age (M, 35-59 years), and older (O, 60-88 years) healthy-adults. [Participants and Methods] One-hundred-eighty healthy males-and-females were equally (n=30) divided into Y, M, and O age groups to assess %BF. The %BF methods were: 1) Bioelectrical-impedance-Inbody770 (IB)-criterion reference; 2) Body-mass-index (BMI); 3) Abdominal-and-hip circumferences (CIR); and 4) Skinfold (SF). [Results] %BF were significantly different among the four body-fat methods and among the three age-groups for both males-and-females. %BF among IB,BMI,CIR, and SF were, respectively, 15.7 ± 4.7%, 19.6 ± 3.2%, 17.3 ± 3.5%, and 12.1 ± 4.1% for Y-males; 18.3 ± 5.7%, 22.8 ± 3.6%, 19.6 ± 3.6%, and 15.6 ± 4.5% for M-males; 24.4 ± 6.5%, 25.8 ± 3.3%, 24.0 ± 4.5%, and 20.0 ± 4.1% for O-males; 24.9 ± 6.9%, 28.9 ± 4.1%, 29.4 ± 4.6%, and 22.4 ± 6.3% for Y-females; 25.1 ± 7.0%, 31.4 ± 4.7%, 33.0 ± 4.5%, and 25.0 ± 4.5% for M-females; 35.1 ± 6.3%, 35.5 ± 4.3%, 38.4 ± 4.8%, and 26.4 ± 3.7% for O-females. [Conclusion]The most accurate %BF-methods to use in clinical settings are CIR for Y-and-M-males, CIR and BMI for O-males, SF for Y-and M-females, and BMI for O-females. The least accurate %BF methods are BMI and SF for Y-males, BMI for M-males, SF for O-males, BMI and CIR for Y-and M-females, and SF for O-females. While all 4-methods of assessing %BF can easily and quickly be employed in clinical settings, some methods significantly underestimate or overestimate %BF and yield different results among varying age groups and sex. These findings help identify people at early health risk of cardiometabolic disease, with O-males and O-females at higher risk.
[目的] 比较四种快速（约60秒）、可靠的方法，用于评估年轻（Y组，18 - 34岁）、中年（M组，35 - 59岁）和老年（O组，60 - 88岁）健康成年人的体脂百分比（%BF）。[参与者与方法] 180名健康男女被平均（n = 30）分为Y、M和O三个年龄组以评估%BF。%BF评估方法有：1）生物电阻抗法Inbody770（IB）——标准参考方法；2）体重指数（BMI）；3）腹围和臀围（CIR）；4）皮褶厚度（SF）。[结果] 对于男性和女性，四种体脂评估方法之间以及三个年龄组之间的%BF均存在显著差异。Y组男性中，IB、BMI、CIR和SF的%BF分别为15.7 ± 4.7%、19.6 ± 3.2%、17.3 ± 3.5%和12.1 ± 4.1%；M组男性分别为18.3 ± 5.7%、22.8 ± 3.6%、19.6 ± 3.6%和15.6 ± 4.5%；O组男性分别为24.4 ± 6.5%、25.8 ± 3.3%、24.0 ± 4.5%和20.0 ± 4.1%；Y组女性分别为24.9 ± 6.9%、28.9 ± 4.1%、29.4 ± 4.6%和22.4 ± 6.3%；M组女性分别为25.1 ± 7.0%、31.4 ± 4.7%、33.0 ± 4.5%和25.0 ± 4.5%；O组女性分别为35.1 ± 6.3%、35.5 ± 4.3%、38.4 ± 4.8%和26.4 ± 3.7%。[结论] 在临床环境中，最准确的%BF评估方法是：Y组和M组男性用CIR，O组男性用CIR和BMI，Y组和M组女性用SF，O组女性用BMI。最不准确的%BF评估方法是：Y组男性用BMI和SF，M组男性用BMI，O组男性用SF，Y组和M组女性用BMI和CIR，O组女性用SF。虽然所有四种评估%BF的方法都可以在临床环境中轻松快速地应用，但有些方法会显著低估或高估%BF，并且在不同年龄组和性别中产生不同结果。这些发现有助于识别处于心血管代谢疾病早期健康风险的人群，其中O组男性和O组女性风险更高。
