Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Sci Diabetes Self Manag Care. 2024 Oct;50(5):360-372. doi: 10.1177/26350106241269932. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-management behaviors (eg, healthy eating, being active, medication taking, glucose monitoring, feet check), sociodemographic factors, disease-related characteristics, and health literacy among patients with type 2 diabetes in Singapore.
Data were analyzed from a nationwide survey conducted between 2019 and 2020 (n = 387). Self-management behaviors were assessed using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension questionnaire, the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and a diabetes care questionnaire. A linear regression model was generated to examine the association of healthy eating with the variables of interest (sociodemographic factors, disease-related characteristics, and health literacy), and logistic regression models were generated to investigate the significant correlates of the remaining self-care behaviors.
Regression models showed that the 5 self-care behaviors have different correlates. Nonetheless, compared to individuals aged 50 to 64 years, those aged 65 years and above were less likely to be active, adhere to their medication prescription, and check their feet. Individuals with a higher number of diabetes-related complications were less likely to be sufficiently active but more likely to monitor their glucose level and check their feet. Moreover, individuals with poor health literacy were more likely to eat healthily and be sufficiently active.
Programs related to self-care behaviors can be tailored to specific demographics to improve their uptake in the population. Furthermore, encouraging comprehensive self-care behaviors in those aged 65 years and above is crucial for effective diabetes management.
本研究旨在探讨新加坡 2 型糖尿病患者的自我管理行为（如健康饮食、积极运动、服药、血糖监测、足部检查）与社会人口学因素、疾病相关特征以及健康素养之间的关系。
本研究对 2019 年至 2020 年期间进行的一项全国性调查（n=387）的数据进行了分析。采用高血压饮食防治法问卷、全球体力活动问卷和糖尿病护理问卷评估自我管理行为。采用线性回归模型检验健康饮食与感兴趣变量（社会人口学因素、疾病相关特征和健康素养）之间的关联，采用逻辑回归模型调查其余自我护理行为的显著相关因素。
回归模型显示，5 种自我护理行为具有不同的相关因素。然而，与 50-64 岁的个体相比，65 岁及以上的个体更不可能积极运动、遵医嘱服药和检查足部。患有较多糖尿病相关并发症的个体不太可能充分运动，但更有可能监测血糖水平和检查足部。此外，健康素养较差的个体更有可能健康饮食和积极运动。
可以根据特定人群的特点，制定与自我护理行为相关的计划，以提高其在人群中的普及率。此外，鼓励 65 岁及以上人群全面进行自我护理至关重要，这对于有效的糖尿病管理至关重要。
