Nuss Henry, Privor-Dumm Lois, Ukachukwu Chinonso, Hall Laura Lee
New Orleans School of Public Health, LSU Health, Behavioral Community Health Sciences, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Sep 6. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-02141-7.
Despite the benefits of flu vaccines, Black adults continue to experience lower vaccination rates in the United States. Contributing factors include lack of access to health care and trusted information about vaccines. The National Minority Quality Forum's Center for Sustainable Health Care Quality and Equity collaborated with church pastors, barbers, and hair stylists to disseminate a survey to their communities to assess barriers/facilitators to flu vaccine uptake. The population (n = 262) was mostly Black (93%), female (77%), between the age of 50-64 (39%) and vaccinated (73%). The most common reasons cited by respondents for being vaccinated were personal health, a habit of getting the shot, and a desire not to spread it to others. Among the unvaccinated (27%), the most common reasons for not vaccinating were lack of perceived need, concern the shot would make them sick, and that they do not normally get vaccinated. Vaccine knowledge and trust in health care providers' recommendations was higher amongst vaccinated individuals. Amongst the unvaccinated, trust was lower and there was a stronger belief that the vaccine would not prevent illness. Age was also associated with the likelihood of being vaccinated and greater vaccine knowledge and trust in provider recommendations. Unvaccinated individuals, particularly those under 54 years of age, did not hold strong distrust, attitudes were more neutral, and concern for others was moderate, suggesting an opportunity to target younger age groups. This study highlights the importance of trusted community messengers in conveying targeted messages on the safety and effectiveness of the flu vaccine.
尽管流感疫苗有诸多益处，但美国黑人成年人的疫苗接种率仍然较低。促成这一现象的因素包括难以获得医疗保健服务以及缺乏关于疫苗的可靠信息。美国全国少数族裔质量论坛的可持续医疗质量与公平中心与教堂牧师、理发师和美发师合作，向他们所在的社区发放了一项调查问卷，以评估流感疫苗接种的障碍/促进因素。参与调查的人群（n = 262）大多为黑人（93%），女性（77%），年龄在50 - 64岁之间（39%），且已接种疫苗（73%）。受访者接种疫苗最常见的原因是个人健康、有接种疫苗的习惯以及不想将流感传播给他人。在未接种疫苗的人群（27%）中，不接种疫苗最常见的原因是觉得没有必要、担心接种疫苗会让自己生病以及他们通常不接种疫苗。接种疫苗的人对疫苗知识的了解以及对医疗保健提供者建议的信任度更高。在未接种疫苗的人群中，信任度较低，并且更坚信疫苗无法预防疾病。年龄也与接种疫苗的可能性、对疫苗知识的更多了解以及对提供者建议的信任相关。未接种疫苗的人，尤其是54岁以下的人，并没有强烈的不信任感，态度较为中立，对他人的关心程度适中，这表明针对年轻人群体存在开展工作的机会。这项研究凸显了值得信赖的社区传播者在传达关于流感疫苗安全性和有效性的针对性信息方面的重要性。
