University of Kirkuk, College of Dentistry, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Hum Antibodies. 2024;32(4):213-220. doi: 10.3233/HAB-240027.
The advent of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented a substantial and urgent global public health issue. Biomarkers have the potential to be utilized for the identification of endothelium and/or alveolar epithelial damage in instances of COVID-19 infection.
to evaluate the levels of Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) biomarkers in hospitalized patients who tested positive for COVID-19 infection using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with the virus specific Immunoglobulins; IgM, and IgG testing. This can help with improved clinical management and treatment programs.
A case-control study that involved 90 hospitalized patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and 40 apparently healthy control patients, subjects in both groups underwent nasopharyngeal swabs for PCR and blood sample collection for evaluation of serum; IgM, IgG, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels.
Males made up the vast majority of the patients (78.9%), with only a minor percentage of females (21.1%) P value 0.1641. Furthermore, every patient in this study had a minimum of one risk factor for COVID-19. The investigator's results show that COVID-19 patients had higher amounts of endothelial cell adhesion indicators (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) with mean values of 126.27 ± 89.51 ng/mL and 109.74 ± 96.57 ng/mL respectively. While, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, were present at normal levels in the control group with difference P value 0.0028 and 0.0032 in comparison to the patient's group respectively.
The adhesive markers ICAM and VCAM play a crucial role in the development of COVID-19 and the strong endothelial activation and dysfunction linked to both acute and persistent immunological responses is shown by the substantial correlation found in COVID-19 patients between the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies and higher levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的出现带来了重大且紧迫的全球公共卫生问题。生物标志物有可能用于识别 COVID-19 感染中的内皮细胞和/或肺泡上皮损伤。
使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测病毒特异性免疫球蛋白 IgM 和 IgG 检测，评估经 PCR 检测 COVID-19 感染呈阳性的住院患者中细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）和血管细胞黏附分子（VCAM-1）生物标志物的水平。这有助于改善临床管理和治疗方案。
这是一项病例对照研究，共纳入 90 名经 PCR 检测 COVID-19 呈阳性的住院患者和 40 名明显健康的对照患者，两组均进行鼻咽拭子 PCR 检测和血液样本采集，以评估血清 IgM、IgG、ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1 水平。
男性占绝大多数患者（78.9%），仅少数女性（21.1%），P 值 0.1641。此外，本研究中的每位患者均有 COVID-19 的至少一个危险因素。研究者的结果表明，COVID-19 患者的内皮细胞黏附指标（ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1）水平更高，平均值分别为 126.27±89.51ng/ml 和 109.74±96.57ng/ml。而对照组中 ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1 的水平正常，与患者组相比，差异有统计学意义（P 值分别为 0.0028 和 0.0032）。
黏附标志物 ICAM 和 VCAM 在 COVID-19 的发展中起关键作用，急性和持续性免疫反应导致的强烈内皮激活和功能障碍，在 COVID-19 患者中通过 IgM 和 IgG 抗体的存在与 ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1 水平升高之间的显著相关性得到证实。
