School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon.
Department of Nephrology, Bhannes Medical Center, Bhannes, Lebanon.
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 6;19(9):e0306262. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306262. eCollection 2024.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients encounter many obstacles that affect their physical and psychological well-being. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate potential correlates of optimism/pessimism in a sample of patients with CKD, including socio-demographics, body appreciation and disordered eating symptoms. As a secondary objective, we proposed to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Optimism-Pessimism Short Scale-2 (SOP2) before its use in our sample.
A cross-sectional study was carried out between April and May 2023, enrolling 108 participants from three hospitals in Lebanon providing insights into their sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity levels, body appreciation, optimism, pessimism, and eating attitudes.
Results indicated that the Arabic-language adaptation of the SOP2 has good reliability coefficients. The two facets of the scale displayed a strong correlation to each other, and highly similar correlations with external study variables (i.e., household crowding index, physical activity, body appreciation, disordered eating), suggesting that the SOP2 can be interpreted as a unidimensional measure for the psychological dispositional optimism as proposed by the developers. Furthermore, findings revealed a strong positive correlation between body appreciation and optimism, suggesting that CKD patients who appreciate their bodies tend to exhibit a more optimistic outlook on life. Conversely, higher body appreciation is associated with lower pessimism, indicating that a positive body image may mitigate feelings of hopelessness and despair in CKD patients.
This study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it offers the Arabic SOP2 as an brief tool to administer, and psychometrically sound instrument that can be useful for clinical and research purposes. Second, it unveils a clear correlation between higher body appreciation and a more optimistic, less pessimistic mindset in patients with CKD.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者面临许多影响其身心健康的障碍。本研究的主要目的是调查 CKD 患者样本中乐观/悲观的潜在相关因素，包括社会人口统计学、身体欣赏和饮食失调症状。作为次要目标，我们提出在将阿拉伯语翻译的乐观/悲观短量表-2（SOP2）用于我们的样本之前，先对其进行心理测量学特性的检验。
2023 年 4 月至 5 月期间进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了来自黎巴嫩三家医院的 108 名参与者，了解他们的社会人口统计学特征、身体活动水平、身体欣赏、乐观、悲观和饮食态度。
结果表明，SOP2 的阿拉伯语版本具有良好的信度系数。该量表的两个方面彼此之间存在很强的相关性，与外部研究变量（即家庭拥挤指数、身体活动、身体欣赏、饮食失调）高度相似，表明 SOP2 可以像开发者所提出的那样，作为心理特质乐观的单一维度测量工具进行解释。此外，研究结果还发现身体欣赏与乐观之间存在很强的正相关，这表明欣赏自己身体的 CKD 患者往往对生活持更乐观的态度。相反，较高的身体欣赏与较低的悲观情绪相关，这表明积极的身体形象可能减轻 CKD 患者的无望和绝望感。
本研究从两个方面为文献做出了贡献。首先，它提供了阿拉伯语 SOP2，这是一种简短的管理工具，具有心理测量学上的合理性，可用于临床和研究目的。其次，它揭示了 CKD 患者中更高的身体欣赏与更乐观、更少悲观心态之间的明确相关性。
