Hulou M Maher, Essibayi Muhammed Amir, Samaan Christopher Ala, McAtee Annabel M, McLouth Christopher J, Madriñán-Navia Humberto José, Benner Dimitri, Park Marian T, Howshar Jacob T, Mirza Farhan A, Graffeo Christopher S, Lawton Michael T
Departments of1Neurological Surgery and.
2Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona; and.
J Neurosurg. 2024 Sep 6;142(2):586-594. doi: 10.3171/2024.4.JNS232885. Print 2025 Feb 1.
The objective of this study was to review and compare the research experiences and career outcomes of international medical graduates (IMGs) with those of US medical graduates (USMGs).
Neurosurgery graduates from 2018 to 2020 were evaluated on the basis of medical school, degree, residency program, publications before and during residency, postresidency fellowships, and career progression. Publications were further categorized by author order and type (laboratory, comprehensive clinical, or short communication).
Of 550 neurosurgery graduates, 39 (7%) were IMGs, with the largest percentages from India (8/39, 21%) and in a residency position in Pennsylvania (5/39, 13%). Prior to residency, IMGs had a higher median number of all publications (4 vs 1, p < 0.001), first-author articles (2 vs 0, p < 0.001), comprehensive clinical articles (1 vs 0, p = 0.002), and short communication articles (1 vs 0, p < 0.001) than USMGs. Similarly, the median number of papers published by IMGs during residency was also higher compared with that of USMGs for all publications (20 vs 9, p = 0.004), laboratory articles (1 vs 0, p < 0.001), and short communication articles (4 vs 3, p = 0.04). The percentage of early academic appointments was higher for IMGs (25/39, 64%) than for USMGs (232/511, 45%) (p = 0.03). No significant difference was observed between the percentages of postresidency clinical fellowships completed by IMGs (28/39, 72%) and USMGs (302/511, 59%) (p = 0.15). No statistical significance was found between the ranking of neurosurgery residency programs attended by IMGs and USMGs (p = 0.65).
The results indicate that IMGs often exhibit higher academic productivity than USMGs. Although there was no discernible difference in residency program rankings or postresidency fellowships completed, early academic appointments were more prevalent among IMGs.
本研究的目的是回顾并比较国际医学毕业生（IMGs）与美国医学毕业生（USMGs）的研究经历和职业发展成果。
对2018年至2020年的神经外科毕业生进行评估，评估内容包括医学院校、学位、住院医师培训项目、住院医师培训前和培训期间的发表情况、住院医师培训后的进修情况以及职业发展。发表的文章进一步按作者顺序和类型（实验室研究、综合临床研究或简短通讯）进行分类。
在550名神经外科毕业生中，39名（7%）是国际医学毕业生，其中来自印度的比例最高（8/39，21%），在宾夕法尼亚州接受住院医师培训的比例为（5/39，13%）。在住院医师培训前，国际医学毕业生的所有发表文章中位数（4篇对1篇，p<0.001）、第一作者文章（2篇对0篇，p<0.001）、综合临床文章（1篇对0篇，p=0.002）和简短通讯文章（1篇对0篇，p<0.001）均高于美国医学毕业生。同样，国际医学毕业生在住院医师培训期间发表的文章中位数在所有发表文章（20篇对9篇，p=0.004）、实验室文章（1篇对0篇，p<0.001）和简短通讯文章（4篇对3篇，p=0.04）方面也高于美国医学毕业生。国际医学毕业生早期学术任命的比例（25/39，64%）高于美国医学毕业生（232/511，45%）（p=0.03）。国际医学毕业生（28/39，72%）和美国医学毕业生（302/511，59%）完成住院医师培训后临床进修的比例之间未观察到显著差异（p=0.15）。国际医学毕业生和美国医学毕业生参加的神经外科住院医师培训项目排名之间未发现统计学差异（p=0.65）。
结果表明，国际医学毕业生的学术产出往往高于美国医学毕业生。尽管在住院医师培训项目排名或完成住院医师培训后的进修方面没有明显差异，但早期学术任命在国际医学毕业生中更为普遍。
