National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Oct;369:122381. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122381. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
Anammox has received increased attention due to its enhanced and cost-efficient approach to nitrogen removal. However, its practical application is complicated by strict influent NO-N to NH-N ratio demands and an 11% nitrate production from the anammox process. This study was the first known research to propose and verify a system of zeolite integrated with partial denitrification and anammox (Z-PDA) in an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor. The enhanced and robust nitrogen removal resulted in an ultra-high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE, 93.0 ± 2.0%). Zeolite adsorption and biological desorption of ammonium contributed to robust nitrogen removal with fluctuating influent NO-N to NH-N ratios. Applying 16S rRNA gene sequencing found that Candidatus Brocadia and Thauera were the key bacteria responsible for anammox and partial denitrification (PD), respectively. Zeolite also acted as a biological carrier. This significantly enriched anammox bacteria with a higher relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia, reaching 49.2%. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the multiple functional genes related to nitrogen removal (nrfA/H, narG/H/I) and the metabolic pathways (Biosynthesis of cofactors, the Two-component system, the Biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars, and Purine metabolism) ensured the resilience of the Z-PDA system despite influent fluctuations. Overall, this study provided novel insights into the impacts of zeolite in the PDA system. It described the fundamental mechanism of zeolite based on adsorption and biological desorption, and demonstrated a meaningful application of the anammox process in sewage treatment.
由于其强化且经济高效的脱氮方法，厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）受到了越来越多的关注。然而，其实际应用受到严格的进水 NO-N 与 NH-N 比值要求以及 Anammox 工艺中 11%的硝酸盐生成的限制。本研究首次提出并验证了沸石集成部分反硝化和厌氧氨氧化（Z-PDA）在上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）反应器中的系统。强化和稳健的氮去除导致超高的氮去除效率（NRE，93.0±2.0%）。沸石对铵的吸附和生物解吸有助于在进水 NO-N 与 NH-N 比值波动时实现稳健的氮去除。应用 16S rRNA 基因测序发现，Candidatus Brocadia 和 Thauera 分别是厌氧氨氧化和部分反硝化（PD）的关键细菌。沸石还起到生物载体的作用。这显著富集了厌氧氨氧化菌，使其相对丰度更高的 Candidatus Brocadia 达到 49.2%。宏基因组分析表明，与氮去除相关的多种功能基因（nrfA/H、narG/H/I）和代谢途径（辅助因子合成、双组分系统、核苷酸糖合成和嘌呤代谢）确保了 Z-PDA 系统在进水波动时的弹性。总的来说，本研究深入了解了沸石在 PDA 系统中的影响。它描述了基于吸附和生物解吸的沸石的基本机制，并展示了厌氧氨氧化工艺在污水处理中的有意义应用。
