Kanto Natural Gas Development Co., Ltd., 661 Mobara, Mobara, Chiba, 297-8550, Japan.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Naka, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Feb;102(3):1501-1512. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8663-0. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
The goal of this study was to develop a startup strategy for a high-rate anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactor to treat waste brine with high concentrations of ammonium from a natural gas plant. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) anammox reactor with an effective volume of 294 L was fed continuously with waste brine with a salinity of 3% and a NH concentration of 180 mg-N/L, as well as a NaNO solution. By inoculating a methanogenic granular biomass as a biomass carrier, the reactor attained the maximum volumetric nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 10.7 kg-N/m/day on day 209, which was 1.7 times higher than the highest reported NRR for wastewater of comparable salinity. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that Candidatus Scalindua wagneri was enriched successfully in granules in the UASB, and it replaced Methanosaeta and became dominant in the granule. The inhibitory effect of NO on the anammox reaction in the granules was assessed by a N tracer method, and the results showed that anammox activity was maintained at 60% after exposure to 300 mg-N/L of NO for 24 h. Compared with previous studies of the susceptibilities of Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia to NO, the enriched marine anammox bacteria were proven to have comparable or even higher tolerances for high NO concentrations after a long exposure.
本研究旨在开发一种用于处理来自天然气厂的高浓度铵废水的高速厌氧氨氧化（anammox）反应器的启动策略。采用有效体积为 294 L 的上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）anammox 反应器，连续进料高盐度（3%）和高氨氮浓度（180 mg-N/L）的废水以及 NaNO 溶液。通过接种产甲烷颗粒生物量作为生物量载体，反应器在第 209 天达到了 10.7 kg-N/m/d 的最大容积氮去除率（NRR），是可比盐度废水的最高报道 NRR 的 1.7 倍。16S rRNA 基因扩增子高通量测序结果表明，Candidatus Scalindua wagneri 在 UASB 中的颗粒中成功富集，它取代了 Methanosaeta 并在颗粒中占主导地位。通过氮示踪法评估了 NO 对颗粒中 anammox 反应的抑制作用，结果表明，在暴露于 300 mg-N/L 的 NO 24 h 后，anammox 活性仍保持在 60%。与先前对 Candidatus Brocadia 和 Candidatus Kuenenia 对 NO 的敏感性的研究相比，经过长时间暴露，富集的海洋 anammox 细菌对高浓度 NO 的耐受性证明具有可比性甚至更高。
