Rodrigues Mirelen Moura de Oliveira, Mattos Denise, Almeida Silvana, Fiegenbaum Marilu
Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC), Serviço de Hemoterapia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC), Serviço de Hemoterapia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2024 Nov;46 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):S246-S257. doi: 10.1016/j.htct.2024.04.122. Epub 2024 Aug 18.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn is a public health problem caused by maternal-fetal incompatibility; no prophylaxis is available for most alloantibodies that induce this disease. This study reviews the literature regarding which antibodies are the most common in maternal plasma and which were involved in hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
Seventy-five studies were included in this review using a systematic search. Two independent authors identified studies of interest from the PubMed and SciELO databases.
Forty-four case reports were identified, of which 11 babies evolved to death. From 17 prevalence studies, the alloimmunization rate was 0.17 % with 161 babies receiving intrauterine transfusions and 23 receiving transfusions after birth. From 28 studies with alloimmunized pregnant women (7616 women), 455 babies received intrauterine transfusions and 21 received transfusions after birth.
Rh, Kell, and MNS were the commonest blood systems involved. The geographical distribution of studies shows that as these figures vary between continents, more studies should be performed in different countries. Investing in early diagnosis is important to manage the risks and complications of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
胎儿和新生儿溶血病是由母胎血型不合引起的公共卫生问题；对于大多数引发该病的同种抗体，尚无预防措施。本研究回顾了有关哪些抗体在母体血浆中最为常见以及哪些与胎儿和新生儿溶血病有关的文献。
本综述通过系统检索纳入了75项研究。两名独立作者从PubMed和SciELO数据库中识别出感兴趣的研究。
共识别出44例病例报告，其中11名婴儿死亡。在17项患病率研究中，同种免疫率为0.17%，161名婴儿接受了宫内输血，23名婴儿出生后接受了输血。在28项针对同种免疫孕妇（7616名妇女）的研究中，455名婴儿接受了宫内输血，21名婴儿出生后接受了输血。
Rh、Kell和MNS是最常涉及的血型系统。研究的地理分布表明，由于这些数字在各大洲之间存在差异，不同国家应开展更多研究。投资于早期诊断对于管理胎儿和新生儿溶血病的风险及并发症至关重要。
