Division of Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 4;14(1):20576. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71518-9.
Rosa damascena Mill., commonly known as the King Flower, is a fragrant and important species of the Rosaceae family. It is widely used in the perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. The scent and color of the flowers are significant characteristics of this ornamental plant. This study aimed to investigate the relative expression of MYB1, CCD1, FLS, PAL, CER1, GT1, ANS and PAR genes under two growth stages (S1 and S2) in two morphs. The CCD1 gene pathway is highly correlated with the biosynthesis of volatile compounds. The results showed that the overexpression of MYB1, one of the important transcription factors in the production of fragrance and color, in the Hot pink morph of sample S2 increased the expression of PAR, PAL, FLS, RhGT1, CCD1, ANS, CER1, and GGPPS. The methyl jasmonate (MeJA) stimulant had a positive and cumulative effect on gene expression in most genes, such as FLS in ACC.26 of the S2 sample, RhGT1, MYB1, CCD1, PAR, ANS, CER1, and PAL in ACC.1. To further study, a comprehensive analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the principal volatile compounds and colors. Our data suggest that the rose with pink flowers had a higher accumulation content of flavonoids and anthocyanin. To separate essential oil compounds, GC/MS analysis identified 26 compounds in four samples. The highest amount of geraniol, one of the main components of damask rose, was found in the Hot pink flower, 23.54%, under the influence of the MeJA hormone.
大马士革玫瑰（Rosa damascena Mill.），俗称帝王花，是蔷薇科中一种芳香且重要的物种。它广泛应用于香水和制药行业。花朵的香气和颜色是这种观赏植物的重要特征。本研究旨在调查两个形态在两个生长阶段（S1 和 S2）下 MYB1、CCD1、FLS、PAL、CER1、GT1、ANS 和 PAR 基因的相对表达。CCD1 基因途径与挥发性化合物的生物合成高度相关。结果表明，在 S2 样品的 Hot pink 形态中，重要的香气和颜色产生转录因子 MYB1 的过表达增加了 PAR、PAL、FLS、RhGT1、CCD1、ANS、CER1 和 GGPPS 的表达。茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）刺激物对大多数基因的表达具有积极和累积的影响，例如 S2 样品的 ACC.26 中的 FLS、RhGT1、MYB1、CCD1、PAR、ANS、CER1 和 PAL。为了进一步研究，对主要挥发性化合物和颜色之间的关系进行了综合分析。我们的数据表明，粉红色花朵的玫瑰具有更高的类黄酮和花青素积累含量。为了分离精油化合物，GC/MS 分析在四个样品中鉴定出 26 种化合物。在 MeJA 激素的影响下，Hot pink 花朵中香叶醇的含量最高，为 23.54%，香叶醇是大马士革玫瑰的主要成分之一。
