Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 5;14(1):20796. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71804-6.
A germinal disc located on the egg yolk surface drives genetic modification. Windowed and surrogate eggshell incubation methods have been developed, but these exhibit limited abilities to generate transgenic chickens. In the present study, we investigated the frequency of observing the germinal disc according to the preincubation positioning direction and time and found that it depended on those conditions, but only a few chicks (2.8-5.6%) hatched using the windowed method. Then, we attempted to improve surrogate method via one- or two-step procedures. All eggs, including surrogates that were 10 g heavier than the donor eggs, were obtained from a poultry flock of the same age. With the one-step surrogate method, where the donor egg was transferred only once through a 3.5 cm hole on the point end, at the first day of preincubation, into the surrogate egg, the survival rate at day 4 was 30.8%, and the hatching rate was 11.8%. With the two-step surrogate method (transfer was on the 1st and 4th day of incubation), the survival rate at day 4 was improved to 90.7%, and a hatching rate of 70.0% was achieved. Therefore, this method can be effective for in ovo artificial incubation.
一个位于蛋黄表面的生殖盘驱动基因修饰。已经开发出了有窗和代孕蛋壳孵化方法，但这些方法在产生转基因鸡方面表现出的能力有限。在本研究中，我们根据预孵育定位方向和时间研究了观察生殖盘的频率，发现它取决于这些条件，但只有少数小鸡（2.8%-5.6%）通过有窗法孵化。然后，我们试图通过一步或两步程序来改进代孕方法。所有的鸡蛋，包括比供体蛋重 10 克的代孕蛋，都来自于同一年龄的家禽群。采用一步代孕法，即在预孵育的第一天，只通过尖端的 3.5 厘米的孔将供体蛋转移到代孕蛋一次，第 4 天的存活率为 30.8%，孵化率为 11.8%。采用两步代孕法（在孵化的第 1 天和第 4 天转移），第 4 天的存活率提高到 90.7%，孵化率达到 70.0%。因此，这种方法可有效用于胚胎内人工孵化。
