Heianza Yoriko, Wang Xuan, Kou Minghao, Tiwari Saumya, Watrous Jeramie D, Rexrode Kathryn M, Alotaibi Mona, Jain Mohit, Sun Qi, Manson JoAnn E, Qi Lu
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1724, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Cardiovasc Res. 2024 Dec 14;120(16):2147-2154. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvae199.
Circulating dimethylguanidino valeric acid (DMGV) was identified as a novel metabolite related to cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic abnormalities. Circulating DMGV levels are subjective to dietary modulation; however, studies on its associations with intakes of coronary heart disease (CHD)-related foods/nutrients are limited. We investigated whether plasma DMGV was related to risk of incident CHD. We tested associations of DMGV with CHD-related dietary intakes measured by 7-day dietary records and estimated corresponding disease risk.
This nested case-control study on the incidence of CHD included 1520 women (760 incident cases of fatal CHD and nonfatal myocardial infarction and 760 controls) from the Nurses' Health Study. Separately, plasma DMGV and CHD-related dietary intakes and cardiometabolic abnormalities were assessed in the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study (WLVS; n = 724). Higher plasma DMGV was related to a greater risk of CHD [relative risk (RR) per 1 SD, 1.26 (95% CI 1.13, 1.40); P-for-linearity = 0.006]. Greater intakes of sodium, energy-dense foods, and processed/red meat were related to higher DMGV levels; every 1 SD intake of sodium was associated with β 0.13 (SE 0.05; P = 0.007) for DMGV Z-scores, which corresponded to a RR of 1.031 (1.016, 1.046) for CHD. High DMGV (the top quartile, Q4) showed a significant RR of 1.60 (1.17, 2.18) after adjusting for diet and lifestyle factors; the RR further adjusting for obesity and hypertension was 1.29 (0.93, 1.79) as compared with the lowest quartile. In both cohorts, greater adiposity and adverse cardiometabolic factor status were significantly related to higher DMGV levels.
Higher levels of plasma DMGV, a metabolite reflecting unfavourable CHD-related dietary intakes, were associated with an increased risk of CHD. The unfavourable association was attenuated by cardiometabolic risk factor status. Our study underscores the potential importance of plasma DMGV as an early biomarker associated with diet and the long-term risk of CHD among women.
循环中的二甲基胍基戊酸（DMGV）被确定为一种与心肺适能和心脏代谢异常相关的新型代谢物。循环中的DMGV水平受饮食调节的影响；然而，关于其与冠心病（CHD）相关食物/营养素摄入量之间关联的研究有限。我们调查了血浆DMGV是否与冠心病发病风险相关。我们测试了DMGV与通过7天饮食记录测量的冠心病相关饮食摄入量之间的关联，并估计了相应的疾病风险。
这项关于冠心病发病率的巢式病例对照研究纳入了来自护士健康研究的1520名女性（760例致命性冠心病和非致命性心肌梗死病例以及760名对照）。另外，在女性生活方式验证研究（WLVS；n = 724）中评估了血浆DMGV、冠心病相关饮食摄入量和心脏代谢异常情况。较高的血浆DMGV与更高的冠心病风险相关[每1个标准差的相对风险（RR）为1.26（95%可信区间1.13，1.40）；线性趋势P值 = 0.006]。钠、能量密集型食物以及加工/红肉的摄入量增加与较高的DMGV水平相关；钠摄入量每增加1个标准差，DMGV Z评分的β值为0.13（标准误0.05；P = 0.007），这对应于冠心病的RR为1.031（1.016，1.046）。在调整饮食和生活方式因素后，高DMGV（最高四分位数，Q4）的RR为1.60（1.17，2.18），具有统计学意义；与最低四分位数相比，进一步调整肥胖和高血压后的RR为1.29（0.93，1.79）。在两个队列中，更高的肥胖程度和不良心脏代谢因素状态均与更高的DMGV水平显著相关。
血浆DMGV水平较高，这是一种反映与冠心病相关的不良饮食摄入的代谢物，与冠心病风险增加相关。这种不良关联因心脏代谢危险因素状态而减弱。我们的研究强调了血浆DMGV作为与饮食及女性冠心病长期风险相关的早期生物标志物的潜在重要性。
