Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Biostatistics, Bezmialem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Sep 7;24(1):741. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05342-1.
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older female patients.
540 older female outpatients were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin below 12 g/dL. Patients' demographic characteristics, comorbidities, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were also recorded. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured with a hand dynamometer to detect dynapenia. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional capacity.
The mean age of the participants was 77.42 ± 7.42 years. The prevalence of patients with anemia was 35%. A significant difference was observed between anemic and non-anemic groups in terms of age, presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), malnutrition, dynapenia, and MMSE, BADL and IADL scores (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, DM, hypertension, CAD and CKD; there were significant associations between anemia and reduced BADL/IADL scores, dynapenia, falls, the risk of falls, MMSE, and malnutrition (p < 0.05). After adjusting for all confounding variables, deterioration in total BADL and IADL total scores were still more common among anemic older females than those without anemia (p < 0.05).
One out of every three older women presenting at one outpatient clinic were anemic. Anemia was observed to be associated with dependence in both BADL and IADL measures. Therefore, the presence of anemia in elderly women should be routinely checked, and possible causes should be investigated and treated to improve their functional capacity.
本研究旨在探讨老年女性贫血与基本日常生活活动和工具性日常生活活动的关系。
本横断面研究纳入了 540 名老年女性门诊患者。贫血定义为血红蛋白<12g/dL。记录患者的人口统计学特征、合并症、老年抑郁量表、微型营养评估和简易精神状态检查（MMSE）。使用握力计测量握力以检测 dynapenia。使用基本日常生活活动（BADL）和工具性日常生活活动（IADL）问卷评估功能能力。
参与者的平均年龄为 77.42±7.42 岁。贫血患者的患病率为 35%。在年龄、糖尿病（DM）、高血压、冠心病（CAD）、慢性肾脏病（CKD）、营养不良、dynapenia 和 MMSE、BADL 和 IADL 评分方面，贫血组与非贫血组存在显著差异（p<0.05）。多元分析显示，在校正年龄、DM、高血压、CAD 和 CKD 后，贫血与 BADL/IADL 评分降低、dynapenia、跌倒、跌倒风险、MMSE 和营养不良显著相关（p<0.05）。在校正所有混杂因素后，贫血的老年女性在总 BADL 和 IADL 总分方面的恶化仍然比非贫血者更常见（p<0.05）。
在一个门诊诊所就诊的老年女性中，每三人就有一人贫血。贫血与 BADL 和 IADL 测量的依赖有关。因此，应常规检查老年女性的贫血情况，并调查和治疗可能的病因，以改善其功能能力。
