Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Uppsala, Sweden.
Mol Plant Pathol. 2024 Sep;25(9):e70004. doi: 10.1111/mpp.70004.
Botrytis cinerea is a notorious pathogen causing pre- and post-harvest spoilage in many economically important crops. Excessive application of site-specific fungicides to control the pathogen has led to the selection of strains possessing target site alterations associated with resistance to these fungicides and/or strains overexpressing efflux transporters associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR in B. cinerea has been correlated with the overexpression of atrB and mfsM2, encoding an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and a major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter, respectively. However, it remains unknown whether other transporters may also contribute to the MDR phenotype. In the current study, the transcriptome of a B. cinerea multidrug-resistant (MDR) field strain was analysed upon exposure to the fungicide fludioxonil, and compared to the B05.10 reference strain. The transcriptome of this field strain displayed significant differences as compared to B05.10, including genes involved in sugar membrane transport, toxin production and virulence. Among the induced genes in the field strain, even before exposure to fludioxonil, were several putatively encoding ABC and MFS transmembrane transporters. Overexpression of a highly induced MFS transporter gene in the B05.10 strain led to an increased tolerance to the fungicides fluopyram and boscalid, indicating an involvement in efflux transport of these compounds. Overall, the data from this study give insights towards better understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in MDR and fitness cost, contributing to the development of more efficient control strategies against this pathogen.
灰葡萄孢是一种臭名昭著的病原体，可导致许多经济重要作物的采前和产后腐烂。为了控制这种病原体，过度使用了针对特定部位的杀菌剂，导致了具有与这些杀菌剂靶标改变相关的抗性的菌株和/或过度表达与多药耐药性（MDR）相关的外排转运蛋白的菌株的选择。灰葡萄孢的 MDR 与 atrB 和 mfsM2 的过表达有关，分别编码一个 ATP 结合盒（ABC）和一个主要易化因子超家族（MFS）转运蛋白。然而，目前尚不清楚其他转运蛋白是否也可能有助于 MDR 表型。在本研究中，分析了田间多药耐药（MDR）灰葡萄孢菌株在暴露于杀菌剂氟唑菌酰胺时的转录组，并与 B05.10 参考菌株进行了比较。与 B05.10 相比，该田间菌株的转录组显示出显著差异，包括参与糖膜转运、毒素产生和毒力的基因。在田间菌株中诱导的基因中，甚至在暴露于氟唑菌酰胺之前，就有几个可能编码 ABC 和 MFS 跨膜转运蛋白的基因。在 B05.10 菌株中过度表达一个高度诱导的 MFS 转运蛋白基因，导致对杀菌剂氟吡菌酰胺和肟菌酯的耐受性增加，表明其参与了这些化合物的外排转运。总的来说，这项研究的数据为更好地理解 MDR 和适应性成本所涉及的分子机制提供了深入的了解，有助于开发更有效的控制策略来对抗这种病原体。
