Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;279(Pt 3):135406. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135406. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
The physicochemical properties of the polysaccharides in Polygonatum kingianum, a Chinese medicinal herb used for both medicine and food, have not been fully studied. This study isolated three polysaccharides (PKP-1, PKP-2, and PKP-3) from the dry rhizomes of P. kingianum, with an average molecular weight of approximately 3137 Da, 5341 Da and 3755 Da, respectively. Structural analysis showed that all the three polysaccharides are fructans with β-D-Fruf-(2→, →6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→, →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→, →1,6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ and →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ glycosidic bond type. Notably, PKP-2 contains both acetyl groups and trace amounts of mannose residues. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that each polysaccharide possesses unique surface morphology. Thermal analysis showed that the three polysaccharides have good thermal stability. Rheological studies further revealed that all the three polysaccharides are typical shear thinning fluids. In vitro experiments showed that PKP-1 and PKP-2 significantly promote the secretion of NO and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in macrophages by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby demonstrating potential immunomodulatory activity. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for the potential application of Polygonatum polysaccharides in the food industry.
中药玉竹的化学成分及其生物活性研究进展
玉竹为百合科黄精属多年生草本植物，药食两用，具有滋阴润燥、生津止渴等功效。本研究从玉竹（Polygonatum kingianum）干根茎中分离得到 3 种多糖（PKP-1、PKP-2 和 PKP-3），其平均分子量分别约为 3137、5341 和 3755 Da。结构分析表明，这 3 种多糖均为果聚糖，其糖苷键类型分别为β-D-Fruf-(2→, →6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→, →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→, →1,6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ 和 →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→。值得注意的是，PKP-2 不仅含有乙酰基，还含有少量甘露糖残基。扫描电子显微镜显示，这 3 种多糖均具有独特的表面形貌。热分析表明，这 3 种多糖均具有良好的热稳定性。流变学研究进一步表明，这 3 种多糖均为典型的剪切稀化流体。体外实验表明，PKP-1 和 PKP-2 通过激活 NF-κB 信号通路，显著促进巨噬细胞中 NO 和细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-6）的分泌，从而表现出潜在的免疫调节活性。这些发现为玉竹多糖在食品工业中的潜在应用奠定了理论基础。
