Wang Yiping, Hu Zhiqing, Ding Yueming, Sun Yanjun, Meng Rui, He Yuan
School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Medical Humanities, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Sep 4;17:4319-4334. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S481425. eCollection 2024.
Our study aimed to examine the association between delay discounting (DD) and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with hypertension. Additionally, we sought to explore and compare the potential mediating effects of self-efficacy, physical activity and sedentary behavior in this association.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two cities in the Jiangsu province of China, specifically Nanjing and Yangzhou, from March to June 2023. A total of 972 hypertensive patients completed the questionnaire ( = 64.7 years, = 8.2 years, 54.2% female). Participants engaged in a money choice experiment on computers, provided their height and weight, and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The experimental program was generated using the programming software E-Prime version 2.0. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to identify potential covariates. Two serial mediation models were conducted using PROCESS macro 4.1 in SPSS 27.0. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were designated as M to investigate and contrast their respective mediating effects in the association between delay discounting and body mass index.
Self-efficacy, physical activity, and sedentary behavior served as mediators in the relationship between delay discounting and BMI. Self-efficacy accounted for 14.9% and 14.3% of the total effect in Models 1 and 2, respectively, while physical activity and sedentary behavior each accounted for 14.9% and 9.5% of the total effect, respectively. The serial mediation effects of self-efficacy and physical activity, as well as self-efficacy and sedentary behavior, were significant (B = 0.01, 95% CI [0.01, 0.02]; B = 0.01, 95% CI [0.002, 0.01]), collectively contributing 2.1% and 2.4% of the total effect. Sedentary behavior played a smaller mediating role compared to physical activity in this association.
The results indicated that self-efficacy, physical activity and sedentary behavior could act as mediators in the association between delay discounting and BMI, thus potentially mitigating the risk of obesity in hypertensive individuals.
我们的研究旨在探讨高血压患者的延迟折扣（DD）与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。此外，我们试图探究并比较自我效能感、身体活动和久坐行为在这种关联中的潜在中介作用。
2023年3月至6月，在中国江苏省的两个城市，即南京和扬州，进行了一项横断面调查。共有972名高血压患者完成了问卷调查（年龄=64.7岁，标准差=8.2岁，54.2%为女性）。参与者在电脑上进行了金钱选择实验，提供了他们的身高和体重，并完成了国际身体活动问卷简表（IPAQ-SF）和一般自我效能量表（GSES）。实验程序使用编程软件E-Prime 2.0版本生成。进行了多重分层回归分析以确定潜在的协变量。在SPSS 27.0中使用PROCESS宏4.1进行了两个系列中介模型分析。将身体活动和久坐行为指定为M，以研究和对比它们在延迟折扣与体重指数之间关联中的各自中介作用。
自我效能感、身体活动和久坐行为在延迟折扣与BMI的关系中起到了中介作用。在模型1和模型2中，自我效能感分别占总效应的14.9%和14.3%，而身体活动和久坐行为分别占总效应的14.9%和9.5%。自我效能感与身体活动以及自我效能感与久坐行为的系列中介效应均显著（B = 0.01，95%置信区间[0.01，0.02]；B = 0.01，95%置信区间[0.002，0.01]），共同占总效应的2.1%和2.4%。在这种关联中，久坐行为的中介作用比身体活动小。
结果表明，自我效能感、身体活动和久坐行为可能在延迟折扣与BMI的关联中起到中介作用，从而有可能降低高血压个体肥胖的风险。
