Shehani Areef Farah, Samuel Andiyappan Victor, Ramar Kavitha
Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 9;16(8):e66526. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66526. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Background Dental fear and anxiety are significant issues among pediatric patients, often complicating dental treatments. Various tools measure these emotional responses, including subjective scales such as the Visual Facial Anxiety Scale (VFAS) and Children Fear Scale (CFS), and objective scales such as Venham's Anxiety Scale (VAS) and Frankl Behavior Rating Scale (FBRS). This study explores the association between these measures in children subjected to brainwave entrainment (BWE) therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the association between subjective and objective fear and anxiety measures in pediatric dental patients within both the brainwave entrainment (BWE) intervention group and control group. Methods This randomized controlled trial included pediatric participants aged seven to 12 years reporting to the department for dental treatment. Participants were randomized into two following groups: an experimental group receiving BWE therapy and a control group receiving traditional behavioral management. Fear and anxiety levels were measured using subjective and objective scales before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation to examine the associations between these scales, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results Post-intervention analysis revealed significant correlations between subjective and objective measures of fear and anxiety in both groups. In the BWE group (N=126), there was a moderate positive correlation between the VFAS and VAS (rho=0.540, p<0.001) and a strong negative correlation between the CFS and FBRS (rho=-0.666, p<0.001). The control group (N=126) showed stronger correlations, rho=0.778 for anxiety scales and rho=-0.817 for fear and behavior scales (p<0.001). Combined data analysis from both groups (N=252) confirmed strong correlations. Conclusion This study found a significant association between subjective and objective measures of fear and anxiety in pediatric dental patients within both the brainwave entrainment (BWE) intervention group and control group. Thereby proving that self-reporting behavioral scales are useful for quickly assessing anxiety in pediatric dental settings.
牙科恐惧和焦虑是儿科患者中的重要问题，常常使牙科治疗变得复杂。各种工具可测量这些情绪反应，包括主观量表，如视觉面部焦虑量表（VFAS）和儿童恐惧量表（CFS），以及客观量表，如韦纳姆焦虑量表（VAS）和弗兰克尔行为评定量表（FBRS）。本研究探讨了接受脑波同步训练（BWE）治疗的儿童中这些测量方法之间的关联。本研究旨在评估脑波同步训练（BWE）干预组和对照组中儿科牙科患者主观和客观恐惧与焦虑测量之间的关联。方法：这项随机对照试验纳入了7至12岁到牙科科室接受治疗的儿科参与者。参与者被随机分为以下两组：接受BWE治疗的实验组和接受传统行为管理的对照组。在干预前后使用主观和客观量表测量恐惧和焦虑水平。使用斯皮尔曼相关性分析数据，以检验这些量表之间的关联，设定统计学显著性为p<0.05。结果：干预后分析显示两组中恐惧和焦虑的主观和客观测量之间存在显著相关性。在BWE组（N = 126）中，VFAS和VAS之间存在中度正相关（rho = 0.540，p<0.001），CFS和FBRS之间存在强负相关（rho = -0.666，p<0.001）。对照组（N = 126）显示出更强的相关性，焦虑量表的rho = 0.778，恐惧和行为量表的rho = -0.817（p<0.001）。两组（N = 252）的综合数据分析证实了强相关性。结论：本研究发现脑波同步训练（BWE）干预组和对照组中儿科牙科患者恐惧和焦虑的主观和客观测量之间存在显著关联。从而证明自我报告行为量表对于快速评估儿科牙科环境中的焦虑是有用的。
